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Antibodies are essential proteins responsible for immune responses in organisms, capable of specifically recognizing antigen molecules of pathogens. Recent advances in generative models have significantly enhanced rational antibody design.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Zichen Wang , Yaokun Ji , Jianing Tian , Shuangjia Zheng

Designing messenger RNA (mRNA) sequences for a fixed target protein requires searching an exponentially large synonymous space while optimizing properties that affect stability and downstream performance. This is challenging because…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-09 Feipeng Yue , Ning Dai , Wei Yu Tang , Tianshuo Zhou , David H. Mathews , Liang Huang

Bayesian Optimization (BO) is a class of black-box, surrogate-based heuristics that can efficiently optimize problems that are expensive to evaluate, and hence admit only small evaluation budgets. BO is particularly popular for solving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Maria Laura Santoni , Elena Raponi , Renato De Leone , Carola Doerr

The Complementarity Determining Region (CDR) structure prediction of loops in antibody engineering has gained a lot of attraction by researchers. When designing antibodies, a main challenge is to predict the CDR structure of the H3 loop.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-23 Eleni Giovanoudi , Dimitrios Rafailidis

Identifying optimal catalyst compositions and reaction conditions is central in catalysis research, yet remains challenging due to the vast multidimensional design spaces encompassing both continuous and categorical parameters. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Changquan Zhao , Yi Zhang , Zhuo Li , Li Jin , Cheng Hua , Yulian He

Bayesian optimization (BO) provides a powerful framework for optimizing black-box, expensive-to-evaluate functions. It is therefore an attractive tool for engineering design problems, typically involving multiple objectives. Thanks to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Navid Ansari , Alireza Javanmardi , Eyke Hüllermeier , Hans-Peter Seidel , Vahid Babaei

When it comes to expensive black-box optimization problems, Bayesian Optimization (BO) is a well-known and powerful solution. Many real-world applications involve a large number of dimensions, hence scaling BO to high dimension is of much…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-18 Lam Ngo , Huong Ha , Jeffrey Chan , Hongyu Zhang

Antibodies play a central role in the immune response by specifically recognizing and neutralizing antigens, and therapeutic antibodies have become major drugs for cancer and autoimmune diseases. However, their discovery still relies on…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-05-29 Xiao Luo

The design and optimization of antibodies requires an intricate balance across multiple properties. Protein inverse folding models, capable of generating diverse sequences folding into the same structure, are promising tools for maintaining…

Bayesian Optimization (BO) is a sample-efficient optimization algorithm widely employed across various applications. In some challenging BO tasks, input uncertainty arises due to the inevitable randomness in the optimization process, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Lin Yang , Junlong Lyu , Wenlong Lyu , Zhitang Chen

An unsolved challenge in the development of antigen specific immunotherapies is determining the optimal antigens to target. Comprehension of antigen-MHC binding is paramount towards achieving this goal. Here, we present CASTELO, a combined…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-12-09 David Bell , Giacomo Domeniconi , Chih-Chieh Yang , Ruhong Zhou , Leili Zhang , Guojing Cong

The recognition of the importance of drug-like properties beyond potency to reduce clinical attrition of biologics has driven significant progress in the development of in vitro and in silico tools for developability assessment of antibody…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-05-15 Andreas Evers , Shipra Malhotra , Vanita D. Sood

Many factors influence biomolecules binding, and its assessment constitutes an elusive challenge in computational structural biology. In this respect, the evaluation of shape complementarity at molecular interfaces is one of the main…

The deployment of robust malware detection systems in big data environments requires careful consideration of both security effectiveness and computational efficiency. While recent advances in adversarial defenses have demonstrated strong…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Ayush Chaudhary , Sisir Doppalpudi

This paper focuses on Bayesian Optimization (BO) for objectives on combinatorial search spaces, including ordinal and categorical variables. Despite the abundance of potential applications of Combinatorial BO, including chipset…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-29 Changyong Oh , Jakub M. Tomczak , Efstratios Gavves , Max Welling

Antibody-facilitated immune responses are central to the body's defense against pathogens, viruses, and other foreign invaders. The ability of antibodies to specifically bind and neutralize antigens is vital for maintaining immunity. Over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Delower Hossain , Ehsan Saghapour , Kevin Song , Jake Y. Chen

Modern therapeutic antibody design often involves composing multi-part assemblages of individual functional domains, each of which may be derived from a different source or engineered independently. While these complex formats can expand…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Jiayi Xin , Aniruddh Raghu , Nick Bhattacharya , Adam Carr , Melanie Montgomery , Hunter Elliott

We propose to use Bayesian optimization (BO) to improve the efficiency of the design selection process in clinical trials. BO is a method to optimize expensive black-box functions, by using a regression as a surrogate to guide the search.…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-05-20 Jakob Richter , Tim Friede , Jörg Rahnenführer

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a leading method for optimizing expensive black-box optimization and has been successfully applied across various scenarios. However, BO suffers from the curse of dimensionality, making it challenging to scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Vu Viet Hoang , Hung The Tran , Sunil Gupta , Vu Nguyen

Bayesian optimization (BO) is one of the most powerful strategies to solve computationally expensive-to-evaluate blackbox optimization problems. However, BO methods are conventionally used for optimization problems of small dimension…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-10 Rémy Priem , Youssef Diouane , Nathalie Bartoli , Sylvain Dubreuil , Paul Saves
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