English
Related papers

Related papers: Why Should I Trust You, Bellman? The Bellman Error…

200 papers

Fisher's fiducial argument is widely viewed as a failed version of Neyman's theory of confidence limits. But Fisher's goal -- Bayesian-like probabilistic uncertainty quantification without priors -- was more ambitious than Neyman's, and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-12-25 Ryan Martin

As LLMs are deployed in high-stakes settings, users must judge the correctness of individual responses, often relying on model-generated justifications such as reasoning chains or explanations. Yet, no standard measure exists for whether…

Policy evaluation is a key process in reinforcement learning. It assesses a given policy using estimation of the corresponding value function. When using a parameterized function to approximate the value, it is common to optimize the set of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-24 Shirli Di-Castro Shashua , Shie Mannor

Gradient-based methods for value estimation in reinforcement learning have favorable stability properties, but they are typically much slower than Temporal Difference (TD) learning methods. We study the root causes of this slowness and show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Arsalan Sharifnassab , Richard Sutton

To investigate a time-consistent optimal strategy for the continuous time mean-variance model, we develop a new method to establish the Bellman principle. Based on this new method, we obtain a time-consistent dynamic optimal strategy that…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2020-07-24 Shuzhen Yang

The problem of solving Markov decision processes under function approximation remains a fundamental challenge, even under linear function approximation settings. A key difficulty arises from a geometric mismatch: while the Bellman…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Hyukjun Yang , Han-Dong Lim , Donghwan Lee

We prove that for every Bell's inequality and for a broad class of protocols, there always exists a multi-party communication complexity problem, for which the protocol assisted by states which violate the inequality is more efficient than…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Caslav Brukner , Marek Zukowski , Jian-Wei Pan , Anton Zeilinger

We consider dynamic programming problems with finite, discrete-time horizons and prohibitively high-dimensional, discrete state-spaces for direct computation of the value function from the Bellman equation. For the case that the value…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-05-25 Denis Lebedev , Paul Goulart , Kostas Margellos

Q-value iteration (Q-VI) is usually analyzed through the \(\gamma\)-contraction of the Bellman operator. This argument proves convergence to \(Q^*\), but it gives only a coarse account of when the induced greedy policy becomes optimal. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Donghwan Lee

While reinforcement learning algorithms provide automated acquisition of optimal policies, practical application of such methods requires a number of design decisions, such as manually designing reward functions that not only define the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Tim G. J. Rudner , Vitchyr H. Pong , Rowan McAllister , Yarin Gal , Sergey Levine

Machine learning surrogates are increasingly employed to replace expensive computational models for physics-based reliability analysis. However, their use introduces epistemic uncertainty from model approximation errors, which couples with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Amirreza Tootchi , Xiaoping Du

We study an optimal execution problem in a continuous-time market model that considers market impact. We formulate the problem as a stochastic control problem and investigate properties of the corresponding value function. We find that…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2014-12-16 Takashi Kato

Most cost-benefit analyses assume that the estimates of costs and benefits are more or less accurate and unbiased. But what if, in reality, estimates are highly inaccurate and biased? Then the assumption that cost-benefit analysis is a…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-12-07 Bent Flyvbjerg , Dirk W. Bester

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms still suffer from high sample complexity despite outstanding recent successes. The need for intensive interactions with the environment is especially observed in many widely popular policy gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Samuele Tosatto , Joao Carvalho , Hany Abdulsamad , Jan Peters

Given a model $f$ that predicts a target $y$ from a vector of input features $\pmb{x} = x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_M$, we seek to measure the importance of each feature with respect to the model's ability to make a good prediction. To this end, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-03 Luke Merrick

Fitted $Q$-iteration (FQI) and soft FQI are widely used value-based methods for offline reinforcement learning, but their standard stability guarantees often depend on Bellman completeness, a strong closure condition that can fail under…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-11 Lars van der Laan , Nathan Kallus

The solutions to many sequential decision-making problems are characterized by dynamic programming and Bellman's principle of optimality. However, due to the inherent complexity of solving Bellman's equation exactly, there has been…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-24 Bowen Li , Edwin K. P. Chong , Ali Pezeshki

This article introduces an algorithm for implicit High Dimensional Model Representation (HDMR) of the Bellman equation. This approximation technique reduces memory demands of the algorithm considerably. Moreover, we show that HDMR enables…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-10-03 Miroslav Pištěk

Reliable confidence estimation for the predictions is important in many safety-critical applications. However, modern deep neural networks are often overconfident for their incorrect predictions. Recently, many calibration methods have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Fei Zhu , Zhen Cheng , Xu-Yao Zhang , Cheng-Lin Liu

Correlations for the Bell gedankenexperiment are constructed using probabilities given by quantum mechanics, and nonlocal information. They satisfy Bell's inequality and exhibit spatial non stationarity in angle. Correlations for three…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Louis Sica