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The coefficient of variation is a useful indicator for comparing the spread of values between dataset with different units or widely different means. In this paper we address the problem of investigating the equality of the coefficients of…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-06 Francesco Bertolino , Silvia Columbu , Mara Manca , Monica Musio

In the partially-observed outcome setting, a recent set of proposals known as "prediction-powered inference" (PPI) involve (i) applying a pre-trained machine learning model to predict the response, and then (ii) using these predictions to…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-12 Runjia Zou , Daniela Witten , Brian Williamson

We propose a new Gini correlation to measure dependence between a categorical and numerical variables. Analogous to Pearson $R^2$ in ANOVA model, the Gini correlation is interpreted as the ratio of the between-group variation and the total…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-07-10 Xin Dang , Dao Nguyen , Yixin Chen , Junying Zhang

This paper proposes new estimators for the propensity score that aim to maximize the covariate distribution balance among different treatment groups. Heuristically, our proposed procedure attempts to estimate a propensity score model by…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-04-07 Pedro H. C. Sant'Anna , Xiaojun Song , Qi Xu

In this article, we propose a new three parameter distribution by compounding negative binomial with reciprocal inverse Gaussian model called negative binomial-reciprocal inverse Gaussian distribution. This model is tractable with some…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-06-10 Ishfaq Shah Ahmad , Anwar Hassan , Peer Bilal Ahmad

Binomial data with unknown sizes often appear in biological and medical sciences and are usually overdispersed. All previous methods used parametric models and only considered overdispersion due to the variation of sizes. The proposed…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Wei Zhang

We propose a new family of inequality indices that bridges the Hoover index and the Gini coefficient. The measure is defined as the normalized expected absolute value of a convex combination of deviations from the mean and pairwise…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-30 Roberto Vila , Helton Saulo , Felipe Quintino

The Gini coefficient of the life table is a concentration index that provides information on lifespan variation. Originally proposed by economists to measure income and wealth inequalities, it has been widely used in population studies to…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-09-28 José Manuel Aburto , Ugofilippo Basellini , Annette Baudisch , Francisco Villavicencio

In 1938, Gini studied a mean having two parameters. Later, many authors studied properties of this mean. It contains as particular cases the famous means such as harmonic, geometric, arithmetic, etc. Also it contains, the power mean of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2011-11-23 Inder Jeet Taneja

In classification tasks, the long-tailed minority classes usually offer the predictions that are most important. Yet these classes consistently exhibit low accuracies, whereas a few high-performing classes dominate the game. We pursue a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Ruixi Lin

For the comparison of inequality and welfare in multiple attributes the use of generalized Gini indices is proposed. Individual endowment vectors are summarized by using attribute weights and aggregated in a spectral social evaluation…

Applications · Statistics 2022-11-10 Karl Mosler

We consider concepts and models for measuring inequality in the distribution of resources with a focus on how inequality varies as a function of covariates. Lorenz introduced a device for measuring inequality in the distribution of income…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-12-02 Rolf Aaberge , Steinar Bjerve , Kjell Doksum

In this paper, we derive a general representation for the expectation of the Gini coefficient estimator in terms of the Laplace transform of the underlying distribution, together with the mean and the Gini coefficient of its exponentially…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-23 Roberto Vila , Helton Saulo

Propensity score matching is commonly used to draw causal inference from observational survival data. However, its asymptotic properties have yet to be established, and variance estimation is still open to debate. We derive the statistical…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-24 Tongrong Wang , Honghe Zhao , Shu Yang , Shuhan Tang , Zhanglin Cui , Li Li , Douglas E. Faries

Inequality is an inherent part of our lives: we see it in the distribution of incomes, talents, resources, and citations, amongst many others. Its intensity varies across different environments: from relatively evenly distributed ones, to…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-04-18 Lucio Bertoli-Barsotti , Marek Gagolewski , Grzegorz Siudem , Barbara Żogała-Siudem

The aim of this paper is to show a possibility to identify multivariate distribution by means of specially constructed one-dimensional random variable. We give some inequalities which may appear to helpful for a construction of multivariate…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-08-17 Lev B. Klebanov , Irina V. Volchenkova

The paper presents a construction of a quantitative measure of variability for parameter estimates in the data fitting problem under interval uncertainty. It shows the degree of variability and ambiguity of the estimate, and the need for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-03-12 Sergey P. Shary

The categorical Gini correlation is an alternative measure of dependence between a categorical and numerical variables, which characterizes the independence of the variables. A nonparametric test for the equality of K distributions has been…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-08-02 Yongli Sang , Xin Dang , Yichuan Zhao

Recently, authors have studied weighted version of Kerridge inaccuracy measure for truncated distributions. In the present communication we introduce the notion of weighted interval inaccuracy measure for two-sided truncated random…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-08 Chanchal Kundu

In the present paper we investigate the predictive risk of possibly misspecified quantile regression functions. The in-sample risk is well-known to be an overly optimistic estimate of the predictive risk and we provide two relatively simple…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-11-05 Alexander Giessing , Xuming He