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In this paper, we describe several techniques for improving the acoustic and language model of an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system operating on code-switching (CS) speech. We focus on the recognition of Frisian-Dutch radio…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-07-31 Emre Yılmaz , Henk van den Heuvel , David A. van Leeuwen

End-to-end speech recognition is a promising technology for enabling compact automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems since it can unify the acoustic and language model into a single neural network. However, as a drawback, training of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Yotaro Kubo , Shigeki Karita , Michiel Bacchiani

The Transformer self-attention network has recently shown promising performance as an alternative to recurrent neural networks (RNNs) in end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. However, the Transformer has a drawback in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-17 Emiru Tsunoo , Yosuke Kashiwagi , Toshiyuki Kumakura , Shinji Watanabe

In this work, we present a simple and elegant approach to language modeling for bilingual code-switched text. Since code-switching is a blend of two or more different languages, a standard bilingual language model can be improved upon by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-06 Saurabh Garg , Tanmay Parekh , Preethi Jyothi

End-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition models like Recurrent Neural Networks Transducer (RNN-T) are becoming a popular choice for streaming ASR applications like voice assistants. While E2E models are very effective at learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-12 Chhavi Choudhury , Ankur Gandhe , Xiaohan Ding , Ivan Bulyko

In the traditional cascading architecture for spoken language understanding (SLU), it has been observed that automatic speech recognition errors could be detrimental to the performance of natural language understanding. End-to-end (E2E) SLU…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Qian Chen , Wen Wang , Qinglin Zhang

Accent variability has posed a huge challenge to automatic speech recognition~(ASR) modeling. Although one-hot accent vector based adaptation systems are commonly used, they require prior knowledge about the target accent and cannot handle…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Xun Gong , Yizhou Lu , Zhikai Zhou , Yanmin Qian

In this paper, we investigate how the output representation of an end-to-end neural network affects multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR). We study different representations including character-level, byte-level, byte pair…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Liuhui Deng , Roger Hsiao , Arnab Ghoshal

We present a Conformer-based end-to-end neural diarization (EEND) model that uses both acoustic input and features derived from an automatic speech recognition (ASR) model. Two categories of features are explored: features derived directly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Aparna Khare , Eunjung Han , Yuguang Yang , Andreas Stolcke

In a pipeline speech translation system, automatic speech recognition (ASR) system will transmit errors in recognition to the downstream machine translation (MT) system. A standard machine translation system is usually trained on parallel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Qiao Cheng , Meiyuan Fang , Yaqian Han , Jin Huang , Yitao Duan

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is an active field of research due to its large number of applications and the proliferation of interfaces or computing devices that can support speech processing. However, the bulk of applications are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Jean Louis K. E. Fendji , Diane C. M. Tala , Blaise O. Yenke , Marcellin Atemkeng

Code-switching (CS) speech translation (ST) aims to translate speech that alternates between multiple languages into a target language text, posing significant challenges due to the complexity of semantic modeling and the scarcity of CS…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yan Gao , Yazheng Yang , Zhibin Lan , Yidong Chen , Min Zhang , Daimeng Wei , Derek F. Wong , Jinsong Su

End-to-end (E2E) systems for automatic speech recognition (ASR), such as RNN Transducer (RNN-T) and Listen-Attend-Spell (LAS) blend the individual components of a traditional hybrid ASR system - acoustic model, language model, pronunciation…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-14 Mahaveer Jain , Gil Keren , Jay Mahadeokar , Geoffrey Zweig , Florian Metze , Yatharth Saraf

An important and difficult task in code-switched speech recognition is to recognize the language, as lots of words in two languages can sound similar, especially in some accents. We focus on improving performance of end-to-end Automatic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Yash Sharma , Basil Abraham , Preethi Jyothi

One of the things that need to change when it comes to machine translation is the models' ability to translate code-switching content, especially with the rise of social media and user-generated content. In this paper, we are proposing a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Mohamed Anwar

End-to-end Speech-to-text Translation (E2E-ST), which directly translates source language speech to target language text, is widely useful in practice, but traditional cascaded approaches (ASR+MT) often suffer from error propagation in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Junkun Chen , Mingbo Ma , Renjie Zheng , Liang Huang

Training Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) models under federated learning (FL) settings has attracted a lot of attention recently. However, the FL scenarios often presented in the literature are artificial and fail to capture the…

The quality of automatic speech recognition (ASR) is critical to Dialogue Systems as ASR errors propagate to and directly impact downstream tasks such as language understanding (LU). In this paper, we propose multi-task neural approaches to…

Recently, self-supervised pre-training has gained success in automatic speech recognition (ASR). However, considering the difference between speech accents in real scenarios, how to identify accents and use accent features to improve ASR is…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-16 Keqi Deng , Songjun Cao , Long Ma

End-to-end (E2E) spoken language understanding (SLU) is constrained by the cost of collecting speech-semantics pairs, especially when label domains change. Hence, we explore \textit{zero-shot} E2E SLU, which learns E2E SLU without…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-06 Jianfeng He , Julian Salazar , Kaisheng Yao , Haoqi Li , Jinglun Cai