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With the fast improvement of machine learning, reinforcement learning (RL) has been used to automate human tasks in different areas. However, training such agents is difficult and restricted to expert users. Moreover, it is mostly limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-21 André Correia , Luís A. Alexandre

We develop Upside-Down Reinforcement Learning (UDRL), a method for learning to act using only supervised learning techniques. Unlike traditional algorithms, UDRL does not use reward prediction or search for an optimal policy. Instead, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Rupesh Kumar Srivastava , Pranav Shyam , Filipe Mutz , Wojciech Jaśkowski , Jürgen Schmidhuber

The rapid increase in the number of cyber-attacks in recent years raises the need for principled methods for defending networks against malicious actors. Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has emerged as a promising approach for mitigating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Gregory Palmer , Chris Parry , Daniel J. B. Harrold , Chris Willis

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is an area of machine learning figuring out how agents take actions in an unknown environment to maximize its rewards. Unlike classical Markov Decision Process (MDP) in which agent has full knowledge of its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Yangxin Zhong , Jiajie He , Lingjie Kong

Learning in environments with large state and action spaces, and sparse rewards, can hinder a Reinforcement Learning (RL) agent's learning through trial-and-error. For instance, following natural language instructions on the Web (such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-24 Izzeddin Gur , Ulrich Rueckert , Aleksandra Faust , Dilek Hakkani-Tur

Transfer-based adversarial attacks raise a severe threat to real-world deep learning systems since they do not require access to target models. Adversarial training (AT), which is recognized as the strongest defense against white-box…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Yulong Yang , Chenhao Lin , Xiang Ji , Qiwei Tian , Qian Li , Hongshan Yang , Zhibo Wang , Chao Shen

Modern algorithms in the domain of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) demonstrated remarkable successes; most widely known are those in game-based scenarios, from ATARI video games to Go and the StarCraft~\textsc{II} real-time strategy game.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Eric MSP Veith , Nils Wenninghoff , Emilie Frost

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is an important machine learning paradigm for solving sequential decision-making problems. Recent years have witnessed remarkable progress in this field due to the rapid development of deep neural networks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Chaofan Pan , Xin Yang , Yanhua Li , Wei Wei , Tianrui Li , Bo An , Jiye Liang

Providing a suitable reward function to reinforcement learning can be difficult in many real world applications. While inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) holds promise for automatically learning reward functions from demonstrations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Lantao Yu , Tianhe Yu , Chelsea Finn , Stefano Ermon

Adversarial training (AT) is a regularization method that can be used to improve the robustness of neural network methods by adding small perturbations in the training data. We show how to use AT for the tasks of entity recognition and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-01-15 Giannis Bekoulis , Johannes Deleu , Thomas Demeester , Chris Develder

Robot assistants for older adults and people with disabilities need to interact with their users in collaborative tasks. The core component of these systems is an interaction manager whose job is to observe and assess the task, and infer…

In machine learning, meta-learning methods aim for fast adaptability to unknown tasks using prior knowledge. Model-based meta-reinforcement learning combines reinforcement learning via world models with Meta Reinforcement Learning (MRL) for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Karam Daaboul , Joel Ikels , Marius Zöllner

Meta-learning is a branch of machine learning which aims to quickly adapt models, such as neural networks, to perform new tasks by learning an underlying structure across related tasks. In essence, models are being trained to learn new…

In deep reinforcement learning (RL), adversarial attacks can trick an agent into unwanted states and disrupt training. We propose a system called Robust Student-DQN (RS-DQN), which permits online robustness training alongside Q networks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Marc Fischer , Matthew Mirman , Steven Stalder , Martin Vechev

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has recently shown its success in tackling complex combinatorial optimization problems. When these problems are extended to multiobjective ones, it becomes difficult for the existing DRL approaches to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Zizhen Zhang , Zhiyuan Wu , Hang Zhang , Jiahai Wang

Multi-task Inverse Reinforcement Learning (IRL) is the problem of inferring multiple reward functions from expert demonstrations. Prior work, built on Bayesian IRL, is unable to scale to complex environments due to computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-17 Adam Gleave , Oliver Habryka

Adversarial examples can be useful for identifying vulnerabilities in AI systems before they are deployed. In reinforcement learning (RL), adversarial policies can be developed by training an adversarial agent to minimize a target agent's…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Stephen Casper , Taylor Killian , Gabriel Kreiman , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

We study a security threat to reinforcement learning where an attacker poisons the learning environment to force the agent into executing a target policy chosen by the attacker. As a victim, we consider RL agents whose objective is to find…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Amin Rakhsha , Goran Radanovic , Rati Devidze , Xiaojin Zhu , Adish Singla

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) policies are known to be vulnerable to adversarial perturbations to their observations, similar to adversarial examples for classifiers. However, an attacker is not usually able to directly modify another…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Adam Gleave , Michael Dennis , Cody Wild , Neel Kant , Sergey Levine , Stuart Russell

We propose a new adversarial training approach for injecting robustness when designing controllers for upcoming cyber-physical power systems. Previous approaches relying deeply on simulations are not able to cope with the rising complexity…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-04-19 Loïc Omnes , Antoine Marot , Benjamin Donnot