Related papers: Avoiding bias in measurements of fundamental const…
The remarkable detection of a spatial variation in the fine-structure constant, alpha, from quasar absorption systems must be independently confirmed by complementary searches. In this letter, we discuss how terrestrial measurements of…
The report presents a general approach for estimating quantum information technologies by means of fuzzy quantum measurements. The developed methods are used for precision reconstruction of quantum states under conditions of significant…
Using a photonic reformatter to eliminate the effects of conventional modal noise could greatly improve the stability of a high resolution spectrograph. However the regimes where this advantage becomes clear are not yet defined. Here we…
Cosmic shear tomography has emerged as one of the most promising tools to both investigate the nature of dark energy and discriminate between General Relativity and modified gravity theories. In order to successfully achieve these goals,…
With the advent of large-scale weak lensing surveys there is a need to understand how realistic, scale-dependent systematics bias cosmic shear and dark energy measurements, and how they can be removed. Here we describe how spatial…
Strong evidence has recently emerged for a variation in the fine structure constant, $\alpha\equiv e^2/\hbar c$, over the history of the Universe. This was concluded from a detailed study of the relative positions of redshifted optical…
The Fourier spectral techniques that are common in Astronomy for analyzing periodic or multi-periodic light-curves lose their usefulness when they are applied to unsteady light-curves. We review some of the novel techniques that have been…
In this work, we investigate the phenomenon of spectral bias in quantum machine learning, where, in classical settings, models tend to fit low-frequency components of a target function earlier during training than high-frequency ones,…
Inverse problems play a key role in modern image/signal processing methods. However, since they are generally ill-conditioned or ill-posed due to lack of observations, their solutions may have significant intrinsic uncertainty. Analysing…
The composite spectra of quasars are widely used as templates for redshift determination, as well as for measurements of the mean transmission in Ly\alpha-forest studies, and for investigation of general spectral properties of quasars.…
Spectroscopy underpins modern scientific discovery across diverse disciplines. While experimental spectroscopy probes material properties through scattering or radiation measurements, computational spectroscopy combines theoretical models…
Astronomers working with faint targets will benefit greatly from improved image quality on current and planned ground-based telescopes. At present, most adaptive optic systems are targeted at the highest resolution with bright guide stars.…
In the Quantum Supremacy regime, quantum computers may overcome classical machines on several tasks if we can estimate, mitigate, or correct unavoidable hardware noise. Estimating the error requires classical simulations, which become…
Based on the measurement of quantum correlation functions, the quantum statistical properties of spectral measurements are studied for broadband radiation fields. The spectral filtering of light before its detection is compared with the…
Precise spectroscopy of oscillating fields plays significant roles in many fields. Here, we propose an experimentally feasible scheme to measure the frequency of a fast-oscillating field using a single-qubit sensor. By invoking a stable…
Quantum computing, with its potential to enhance various machine learning tasks, allows significant advancements in kernel calculation and model precision. Utilizing the one-class Support Vector Machine alongside a quantum kernel, known for…
As one of the main pillars of quantum technologies, quantum metrology aims to improve measurement precision using techniques from quantum information. The two main strategies to achieve this are the preparation of nonclassical states and…
Measuring neutron star radii with spectroscopic and timing techniques relies on the combination of multiple observables to break the degeneracies between the mass and radius introduced by general relativistic effects. Here, we explore a…
Remotely measuring subsurface water currents from imagery of the wave field has become a much-used technique. We study the biases and errors in such measurements due to spectral leakage, and suggest mitigating procedures. Deviations between…
Spatial regression of random fields based on potentially biased sensing information is proposed in this paper. One major concern in such applications is that since it is not known a-priori what the accuracy of the collected data from each…