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Very low-resource languages, having only a few million tokens worth of data, are not well-supported by multilingual NLP approaches due to poor quality cross-lingual word representations. Recent work showed that good cross-lingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Viktor Hangya , Silvia Severini , Radoslav Ralev , Alexander Fraser , Hinrich Schütze

This study examines the cross-linguistic effectiveness of transfer learning for low-resource machine translation by fine-tuning models initially trained on typologically similar high-resource languages, using limited data from the target…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Saughmon Boujkian

Building an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system from scratch requires a large amount of annotated speech data, which is difficult to collect in many languages. However, there are cases where the low-resource language shares a common…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Anoop C S , Prathosh A P , A G Ramakrishnan

We release Galactic Dependencies 1.0---a large set of synthetic languages not found on Earth, but annotated in Universal Dependencies format. This new resource aims to provide training and development data for NLP methods that aim to adapt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-12 Dingquan Wang , Jason Eisner

Low-resource languages, by its very definition, tend to be under represented in the pre-training corpora of Large Language Models. In this work, we investigate three low-resource cross-lingual approaches that enable an LLM adapt to tasks in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Vaibhav Singh , Amrith Krishna , Karthika NJ , Ganesh Ramakrishnan

Realignment is a promising strategy to improve cross-lingual transfer in multilingual language models. However, empirical results are mixed and often unreliable, particularly for typologically distant or low-resource languages (LRLs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Quang Phuoc Nguyen , David Anugraha , Felix Gaschi , Jun Bin Cheng , En-Shiun Annie Lee

Multilingual machine translation has recently been in vogue given its potential for improving machine translation performance for low-resource languages via transfer learning. Empirical examinations demonstrating the success of existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-13 Ion Madrazo Azpiazu , Maria Soledad Pera

Neural NLP systems achieve high scores in the presence of sizable training dataset. Lack of such datasets leads to poor system performances in the case low-resource languages. We present two simple text augmentation techniques using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-25 Gözde Gül Şahin , Mark Steedman

Annotation projection is an important area in NLP that can greatly contribute to creating language resources for low-resource languages. Word alignment plays a key role in this setting. However, most of the existing word alignment methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Ehsaneddin Asgari , Masoud Jalili Sabet , Philipp Dufter , Christopher Ringlstetter , Hinrich Schütze

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) with limited data poses a practical challenge in low-resource languages, specialized domains, and constrained deployment settings. While pre-trained LLMs provide strong foundations, effective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Marton Szep , Daniel Rueckert , Rüdiger von Eisenhart-Rothe , Florian Hinterwimmer

Transformer based architectures have shown notable results on many down streaming tasks including question answering. The availability of data, on the other hand, impedes obtaining legitimate performance for low-resource languages. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Hariom A. Pandya , Bhavik Ardeshna , Brijesh S. Bhatt

Improving multilingual language models capabilities in low-resource languages is generally difficult due to the scarcity of large-scale data in those languages. In this paper, we relax the reliance on texts in low-resource languages by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Fajri Koto , Tilman Beck , Zeerak Talat , Iryna Gurevych , Timothy Baldwin

What can pre-trained multilingual sequence-to-sequence models like mBART contribute to translating low-resource languages? We conduct a thorough empirical experiment in 10 languages to ascertain this, considering five factors: (1) the…

Singlish can be interesting to the ACL community both linguistically as a major creole based on English, and computationally for information extraction and sentiment analysis of regional social media. We investigate dependency parsing of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-19 Hongmin Wang , Yue Zhang , GuangYong Leonard Chan , Jie Yang , Hai Leong Chieu

Dependency parsing is one of the important natural language processing tasks that assigns syntactic trees to texts. Due to the wider availability of dependency corpora and improved parsing and machine learning techniques, parsing accuracies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-05 Juntao Yu

Despite the impressive performance recently achieved by automatic speech recognition (ASR), we observe two primary challenges that hinder its broader applications: (1) The difficulty of introducing scalability into the model to support more…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-29 Zhongzhi Yu , Yang Zhang , Kaizhi Qian , Yonggan Fu , Yingyan Lin

This tutorial (https://tum-nlp.github.io/low-resource-tutorial) is designed for NLP practitioners, researchers, and developers working with multilingual and low-resource languages who seek to create more equitable and socially impactful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Ekaterina Artemova , Laurie Burchell , Daryna Dementieva , Shu Okabe , Mariya Shmatova , Pedro Ortiz Suarez

For text-level discourse analysis, there are various discourse schemes but relatively few labeled data, because discourse research is still immature and it is labor-intensive to annotate the inner logic of a text. In this paper, we attempt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Yi Cheng , Sujian Li , Yueyuan Li

Low-resource languages (LRLs) often lack high-quality, large-scale datasets for training effective text embedding models, hindering their application in tasks like retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and semantic search. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Zaruhi Navasardyan , Spartak Bughdaryan , Bagrat Minasyan , Hrant Davtyan

With the advent of Deep Learning based Artificial Neural Networks models, Natural Language Processing (NLP) has witnessed significant improvements in textual data processing in terms of its efficiency and accuracy. However, the research is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Mubashir Munaf , Hammad Afzal , Naima Iltaf , Khawir Mahmood