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Contrastive learning (CL) has become a ubiquitous approach for several natural language processing (NLP) downstream tasks, especially for question answering (QA). However, the major challenge, how to efficiently train the knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Wenshen Xu , Mieradilijiang Maimaiti , Yuanhang Zheng , Xin Tang , Ji Zhang

We propose the Neuro-Symbolic Concept Learner (NS-CL), a model that learns visual concepts, words, and semantic parsing of sentences without explicit supervision on any of them; instead, our model learns by simply looking at images and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-30 Jiayuan Mao , Chuang Gan , Pushmeet Kohli , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Jiajun Wu

Contrastive vision-language models continue to be the dominant approach for image and text retrieval. Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) trains two neural networks in contrastive manner to align their image and text embeddings…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Kwun Ho Ngan , Saman Sadeghi Afgeh , Joe Townsend , Artur d'Avila Garcez

Self-supervised learning algorithms based on instance discrimination train encoders to be invariant to pre-defined transformations of the same instance. While most methods treat different views of the same image as positives for a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Debidatta Dwibedi , Yusuf Aytar , Jonathan Tompson , Pierre Sermanet , Andrew Zisserman

Contrastive learning has been the dominant approach to train state-of-the-art sentence embeddings. Previous studies have typically learned sentence embeddings either through the use of human-annotated natural language inference (NLI) data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Junlei Zhang , Zhenzhong Lan , Junxian He

Contrastive learning (CL) has achieved astonishing progress in computer vision, speech, and natural language processing fields recently with self-supervised learning. However, CL approach to the supervised setting is not fully explored,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Zhenyu Zhang , Yuming Zhao , Meng Chen , Xiaodong He

Visual recognition is recently learned via either supervised learning on human-annotated image-label data or language-image contrastive learning with webly-crawled image-text pairs. While supervised learning may result in a more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Jianwei Yang , Chunyuan Li , Pengchuan Zhang , Bin Xiao , Ce Liu , Lu Yuan , Jianfeng Gao

Making decent multi-lingual sentence representations is critical to achieve high performances in cross-lingual downstream tasks. In this work, we propose a novel method to align multi-lingual embeddings based on the similarity of sentences…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Minsu Park , Seyeon Choi , Chanyeol Choi , Jun-Seong Kim , Jy-yong Sohn

Despite profound successes, contrastive representation learning relies on carefully designed data augmentations using domain specific knowledge. This challenge is magnified in natural language processing where no general rules exist for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Dejiao Zhang , Wei Xiao , Henghui Zhu , Xiaofei Ma , Andrew O. Arnold

Self-supervised representation learning has achieved impressive empirical success, yet its theoretical understanding remains limited. In this work, we provide a theoretical perspective by formulating self-supervised representation learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Byeongchan Lee

Natural Language Inference (NLI) datasets contain annotation artefacts resulting in spurious correlations between the natural language utterances and their respective entailment classes. These artefacts are exploited by neural networks even…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Joe Stacey , Pasquale Minervini , Haim Dubossarsky , Sebastian Riedel , Tim Rocktäschel

Natural Language Inference (NLI) or Recognizing Textual Entailment (RTE) aims at predicting the relation between a pair of sentences (premise and hypothesis) as entailment, contradiction or semantic independence. Although deep learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Mobashir Sadat , Cornelia Caragea

Traditional approaches to RL have focused on learning decision policies directly from episodic decisions, while slowly and implicitly learning the semantics of compositional representations needed for generalization. While some approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Chris Lengerich , Gabriel Synnaeve , Amy Zhang , Hugh Leather , Kurt Shuster , François Charton , Charysse Redwood

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has demonstrated its effectiveness in learning representations through comparison methods that align with human intuition. However, mainstream SSL methods heavily rely on high body datasets with single label,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Jiale Chen

Multimodal models, such as the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) model, have demonstrated remarkable success in aligning visual and linguistic representations. However, these models exhibit limitations when applied to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Hiroshi Sasaki

Contrastive learning (CL) has been successful as a powerful representation learning method. In this work we propose CLIM: Contrastive Learning with mutual Information Maximization, to explore the potential of CL on cross-domain sentiment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-13 Tian Li , Xiang Chen , Shanghang Zhang , Zhen Dong , Kurt Keutzer

Despite its empirical success, the theoretical foundations of self-supervised contrastive learning (CL) are not yet fully established. In this work, we address this gap by showing that standard CL objectives implicitly approximate a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Achleshwar Luthra , Tianbao Yang , Tomer Galanti

Misleading text detection on social media platforms is a critical research area, as these texts can lead to public misunderstanding, social panic and even economic losses. This paper proposes a novel framework - CL-ISR (Contrastive Learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Tianyi Huang , Zikun Cui , Cuiqianhe Du , Chia-En Chiang

Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) enables us to pre-train foundation models without costly labeled data. Among SSL methods, Contrastive Learning (CL) methods are better at obtaining accurate semantic representations in noise interference.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-06 Hengtong Shen , Haiyan Gu , Haitao Li , Yi Yang , Agen Qiu

Multilingual sentence representations from large models encode semantic information from two or more languages and can be used for different cross-lingual information retrieval and matching tasks. In this paper, we integrate contrastive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Weiting Tan , Kevin Heffernan , Holger Schwenk , Philipp Koehn