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A new characterization of Hamiltonian graphs using f-cutset matrix is proposed. Based on this new characterization, a new exact polynomial time algorithm for the traveling salesman problem (TSP) is developed. We then define the so-called…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-02-26 Dhananjay P. Mehendale

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a classical NP-hard problem that plays a crucial role in combinatorial optimization. In this paper, we are interested in the quantum search framework for the TSP because it has robust theoretical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-25 Bai Xujun , Shang Yun

We introduce and study a novel generalization of the classical Knapsack Problem (KP), called the Colored Knapsack Problem (CKP). In this problem, the items are partitioned into classes of colors and the packed items need to be ordered such…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-13 Fabio Ciccarelli , Alexander Helber , Erik Mühmer

This paper presents a new combinatorial optimisation task, the Subset Sum Matching Problem (SSMP), which is an abstraction of common financial applications such as trades reconciliation. We present three algorithms, two suboptimal and one…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Yufei Wu , Manuel R. Torres , Parisa Zehtabi , Alberto Pozanco Lancho , Michael Cashmore , Daniel Borrajo , Manuela Veloso

Lattice models, also known as generalized Ising models or cluster expansions, are widely used in many areas of science and are routinely applied to alloy thermodynamics, solid-solid phase transitions, magnetic and thermal properties of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2016-11-17 Wenxuan Huang , Daniil A. Kitchaev , Stephen Dacek , Ziqin Rong , Alexander Urban , Shan Cao , Chuan Luo , Gerbrand Ceder

This work presents a unified framework that combines global approximations with locally built models to handle challenging nonconvex and nonsmooth composite optimization problems, including cases involving extended real-valued functions. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-19 Welington de Oliveira , Johannes O. Royset

Combinatorial optimization is a fundamental problem found in many fields. In many real life situations, the constraints and the objective function forming the optimization problem are naturally distributed amongst different sites in some…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-03-16 Yuan Hong , Jaideep Vaidya , Haibing Lu

The spatial photonic Ising machine (SPIM) [D. Pierangeli et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 213902 (2019)] is a promising optical architecture utilizing spatial light modulation for solving large-scale combinatorial optimization problems…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-08-09 Hiroshi Yamashita , Ken-ichi Okubo , Suguru Shimomura , Yusuke Ogura , Jun Tanida , Hideyuki Suzuki

Many combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) are naturally expressed using variables that take on more than two discrete values. To solve such problems using Ising machines (IMs) - specialized analog or digital devices designed to solve…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-08-06 Robbe De Prins , Guy Van der Sande , Peter Bienstman , Thomas Van Vaerenbergh

In this thesis I discuss combinatorial optimization problems, from the statistical physics perspective. The starting point are the motivations which brought physicists together with computer scientists and mathematicians to work on this…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-01-13 Andrea Di Gioacchino

We present a systematic derivation of three mathematical models of increasing complexity for optical design, based on Hamilton's characteristic functions and conservation of luminous flux, and briefly explain the connection with the…

We propose a novel way of investigating the universal properties of spin systems by coupling them to an ensemble of causal dynamically triangulated lattices, instead of studying them on a fixed regular or random lattice. Somewhat…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2008-11-26 D. Benedetti , R. Loll

In this work, we solve a discrete optimal transport problem in a nonuniform environment. To solve the optimal transport problem, we build the cost matrix and then use classical solvers for discrete optimal transport. The challenge is to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Luca Dieci , Daniyar Omarov

An algorithm is used to generate new solutions of the scalar field equations in homogeneous and isotropic universes. Solutions can be found for pure scalar fields with various potentials in the absence and presence of spatial curvature and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-11-23 John D. Barrow , Andronikos Paliathanasis

This article presents a new search algorithm for the NP-hard problem of optimizing functions of binary variables that decompose according to a graphical model. It can be applied to models of any order and structure. The main novelty is a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-09-22 Bjoern Andres , Joerg H. Kappes , Ullrich Koethe , Fred A. Hamprecht

NP hard optimization problems like the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) defy efficient solutions in the worst case, yet real-world instances often exhibit exploitable patterns. We propose a novel patternaware complexity framework that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Olivier Saidi

We show how to find a Hamiltonian cycle in a graph of degree at most three with n vertices, in time O(2^{n/3}) ~= 1.260^n and linear space. Our algorithm can find the minimum weight Hamiltonian cycle (traveling salesman problem), in the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-06-14 David Eppstein

The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is one of the most prominent combinatorial optimization problems. Given a complete graph G = (V, E) and non-negative distances d for every edge, the TSP asks for a shortest tour through all vertices with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-30 Ulrich Pferschy , Rostislav Stanek

When applying machine learning to problems in NLP, there are many choices to make about how to represent input texts. These choices can have a big effect on performance, but they are often uninteresting to researchers or practitioners who…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-03-03 Dani Yogatama , Noah A. Smith

Current methods for end-to-end constructive neural combinatorial optimization usually train a policy using behavior cloning from expert solutions or policy gradient methods from reinforcement learning. While behavior cloning is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Jonathan Pirnay , Dominik G. Grimm