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The Hanbury Brown Twiss (HBT) interferometer was proposed to observe intensity correlations of starlight to measure a star's angular diameter. As the intensity of light that reaches the detector from a star is very weak, one cannot usually…
We present design equations for a two-element closely-spaced interferometer for measuring the noise temperature of a uniform sky. Such an interferometer is useful for observing highly diffuse radio sources such as the Milky Way and…
The light from a source at a distance d will arrive at detectors separated by 100 AU at times that differ by as much as 120 (d/100 Mpc)^{-1} nanoseconds because of the curvature of the wavefront. At gigahertz frequencies, the arrival time…
By engineering and manipulating quantum entanglement between incoming photons and experimental apparatus, we construct single-photon detectors which cannot distinguish between photons of very different wavelengths. These color erasure…
Optical clock network requires the establishment of optical frequency transmission link between multiple optical clocks, utilizing narrow linewidth lasers. Despite achieving link noise levels of 10${^{-20}}$, the final accuracy is limited…
Laser interferometry is an extensively used diagnostic for plasma experiments. Existing plasma interferometers are designed on the presumption that the scene and reference beam path lengths have to be equal, a requirement that is costly in…
Quantum entanglement has the potential to revolutionize the entire field of interferometric sensing by providing many orders of magnitude improvement in interferometer sensitivity. The quantum-entangled particle interferometer approach is…
I present in this paper a method to calibrate data obtained from optical and infrared interferometers. I show that correlated noises and errors need to be taken into account for a very good estimate of individual error bars but also when…
We consider quantum enhancement of direct-detection interferometric measurements to increase telescope resolution. We propose a protocol of measuring interferometric visibility function using imperfectly entangled states shared between…
Long baseline diffraction-limited optical aperture synthesis technology by interferometry plays an important role in scientific study and practical application. In contrast to amplitude (phase) interferometry, intensity interferometry --…
Quantum phenomena such as entanglement can improve fundamental limits on the sensitivity of a measurement probe. In optical interferometry, a probe consisting of $N$ entangled photons provides up to a $\sqrt{N}$ enhancement in phase…
Over the past decade, several schemes for imaging and sensing based on nonlinear interferometers have been proposed and demonstrated experimentally. These interferometers exhibit two main advantages. First, they enable probing a sample at a…
Recently, Motes et al. proposed in Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 170802 (2015) a linear optics interferometer with N identical single photon input states as a tool for sub-shot-noise phase estimation which does not require NOON states sources. This…
Intensity interferometry -- the correlation of spatially separated light intensities -- has historically been an important tool for precision optical astronomical observations. However, due to the extremely narrow field of view, its scope…
The luminosities of protostars provide one of the only indirect methods of measuring their masses and mass accretion rates in their earliest stages of evolution. Accurate measurements of protostellar luminosities traditionally requires…
Sensing and measurement tasks in severely adverse conditions such as loss, noise and dephasing can be improved by illumination with quantum states of light. Previous results have shown a modest reduction in the number of measurements…
We analyze the spatial and temporal resolving power of two-photon intensity interferometry for the light emitting source in single bubble sonoluminescence (SBSL). We show that bubble sizes between several 10 nm and 3 um can be resolved by…
The invention of X-ray interferometers has led to advanced phase-sensing devices that are invaluable in various applications. These include the precise measurement of universal constants, e.g. the Avogadro number, of lattice parameters of…
The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna is a foreseen gravitational wave detector, which aims to detect $10^{-20}$ strains in the frequency range from 0.1 mHz to 1 Hz. It is a triangular constellation, with equal sides of $2,5 \times 10^9$…
Heterodyne laser phase measurements in a space-based gravitational wave interferometer are degraded by the phase fluctuations of the onboard clocks, resulting in unacceptable sensitivity performance levels of the interferometric data. In…