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Related papers: Estimating and backtesting risk under heavy tails

200 papers

Gini-type correlation coefficients have become increasingly important in a variety of research areas, including economics, insurance and finance, where modelling with heavy-tailed distributions is of pivotal importance. In such situations,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-07-12 Edward Furman , Ricardas Zitikis

Recent developments in large language models (LLMs) have led to their widespread usage for various tasks. The prevalence of LLMs in society implores the assurance on the reliability of their performance. In particular, risk-sensitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Catherine Yu-Chi Chen , Jingyan Shen , Zhun Deng , Lihua Lei

Algorithmic risk assessments are increasingly used to help humans make decisions in high-stakes settings, such as medicine, criminal justice and education. In each of these cases, the purpose of the risk assessment tool is to inform…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-01-13 Amanda Coston , Alan Mishler , Edward H. Kennedy , Alexandra Chouldechova

Estimating nonlinear functionals of probability distributions from samples is a fundamental statistical problem. The "plug-in" estimator obtained by applying the target functional to the empirical distribution of samples is biased.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-20 Florian Schäfer

Average forecast accuracy is not the same as forecast reliability. I treat forecast loss differentials relative to a benchmark as a return series. I then evaluate these returns using risk-adjusted performance measures from finance,…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-05-12 Philippe Goulet Coulombe

The study of loss function distributions is critical to characterize a model's behaviour on a given machine learning problem. For example, while the quality of a model is commonly determined by the average loss assessed on a testing set,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Etrit Haxholli , Marco Lorenzi

While Indices, Index tracking funds and ETFs have grown in popularity during then last ten years, there are many structural problems inherent in Index calculation methodologies and the legal/economic structure of ETFs. These problems raise…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2020-05-05 Michael C. Nwogugu

Firms increasingly use randomized experiments to decide whether to scale up an intervention and, if so, how to re-optimize related operational choices such as inventory, capacity, or pricing. In many settings, experiments are performed on…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-12 Guoxing He , Dan Yang , Wei Zhang

The joint Value at Risk (VaR) and expected shortfall (ES) quantile regression model of Taylor (2017) is extended via incorporating a realized measure, to drive the tail risk dynamics, as a potentially more efficient driver than daily…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2018-05-23 Richard Gerlach , Chao Wang

Regression is a fundamental prediction task common in data-centric engineering applications that involves learning mappings between continuous variables. In many engineering applications (e.g.\ structural health monitoring), feature-label…

Risk evaluation is a forecast, and its validity must be backtested. Probability distribution forecasts are used in this work and allow for more powerful validations compared to point forecasts. Our aim is to use bivariate copulas in order…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2023-11-21 Boris David , Gilles Zumbach

We introduce and study the main properties of a class of convex risk measures that refine Expected Shortfall by simultaneously controlling the expected losses associated with different portions of the tail distribution. The corresponding…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-08-19 Matteo Burzoni , Cosimo Munari , Ruodu Wang

Importance sampling algorithms for heavy-tailed random walks are considered. Using a specification with algorithms based on mixtures of the original distribution with some other distribution, sufficient conditions for obtaining bounded…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-09-21 Henrik Hult , Jens Svensson

In various applications of heavy-tail modelling, the assumed Pareto behavior is tempered ultimately in the range of the largest data. In insurance applications, claim payments are influenced by claim management and claims may for instance…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-29 Jose Carlos Araujo Acuna , Hansjoerg Albrecher , Jan Beirlant

We study the feasibility and noise sensitivity of portfolio optimization under some downside risk measures (Value-at-Risk, Expected Shortfall, and semivariance) when they are estimated by fitting a parametric distribution on a finite sample…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2008-12-10 Istvan Varga-Haszonits , Imre Kondor

This research incorporates realized volatility and overnight information into risk models, wherein the overnight return often contributes significantly to the total return volatility. Extending a semi-parametric regression model based on…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2024-02-13 Cathy W. S. Chen , Takaaki Koike , Wei-Hsuan Shau

When machine learning systems meet real world applications, accuracy is only one of several requirements. In this paper, we assay a complementary perspective originating from the increasing availability of pre-trained and regularly…

Software defects rediscovered by a large number of customers affect various stakeholders and may: 1) hint at gaps in a software manufacturer's Quality Assurance (QA) processes, 2) lead to an over-load of a software manufacturer's support…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2011-07-21 Andriy V. Miranskyy , Matthew Davison , Mark Reesor

In the multivariate setting, estimates of extremal risk measures are important in many contexts, such as environmental planning and structural engineering. In this paper, we propose new estimation methods for extremal bivariate return…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-11 C. J. R. Murphy-Barltrop , J. L. Wadsworth , E. F. Eastoe

Applying LLMs to predictive tasks in finance is challenging due to look-ahead bias resulting from their training on long time-series data. This precludes the backtests typically employed in finance since retraining frontier models from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Humzah Merchant , Bradford Levy