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Spintronic devices are considered as promising candidates in implementing neuromorphic systems or hardware neural networks, which are expected to perform better than other existing computing systems for certain data classification and…

Neuromorphic Computing is a nascent research field in which models and devices are designed to process information by emulating biological neural systems. Thanks to their superior energy efficiency, analog neuromorphic systems are highly…

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are a viable alternative to conventional artificial neural networks when resource efficiency and computational complexity are of importance. A major advantage of SNNs is their binary information transfer…

Neuromorphic computing is an emerging research field that aims to develop new intelligent systems by integrating theories and technologies from multi-disciplines such as neuroscience and deep learning. Currently, there have been various…

The brain is the perfect place to look for inspiration to develop more efficient neural networks. The inner workings of our synapses and neurons provide a glimpse at what the future of deep learning might look like. This paper serves as a…

The increasing need for compact and low-power computing solutions for machine learning applications has triggered significant interest in energy-efficient neuromorphic systems. However, most of these architectures rely on spiking neural…

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as a hardware efficient architecture for classification tasks. The challenge of spike-based encoding has been the lack of a universal training mechanism performed entirely using spikes. There have…

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have garnered attention over recent years due to their increased energy efficiency and advantages in terms of operational complexity compared to traditional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Two important…

One of the most exciting advancements in AI over the last decade is the wide adoption of ANNs, such as DNN and CNN, in many real-world applications. However, the underlying massive amounts of computation and storage requirement greatly…

Learning is based on synaptic plasticity, which affects and is driven by neural activity. Because pre- and postsynaptic spiking activity is shaped by randomness, the synaptic weights follow a stochastic process, requiring a probabilistic…

The nervous system, more specifically, the brain, is capable of solving complex problems simply and efficiently, far surpassing modern computers. In this regard, neuromorphic engineering is a research field that focuses on mimicking the…

Large-scale integration of emerging nanoscale non-volatile memory devices, e.g. resistive random-access memory (RRAM), can enable a new generation of neuromorphic computers that can solve a wide range of machine learning problems. Such…

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have been recently integrated into Transformer architectures due to their potential to reduce computational demands and to improve power efficiency. Yet, the implementation of the attention mechanism using…

Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) are known to be very effective for neuromorphic processor implementations, achieving orders of magnitude improvements in energy efficiency and computational latency over traditional deep learning approaches.…

In recent years, neuromorphic computing and spiking neural networks (SNNs) have ad-vanced rapidly through integration with deep learning. However, the performance of SNNs still lags behind that of convolutional neural networks (CNNs),…

Event-based machine learning promises more energy-efficient AI on future neuromorphic hardware. Here, we investigate how the recently discovered Eventprop algorithm for gradient descent on exact gradients in spiking neural networks can be…

Biological systems use neural circuits to integrate input information and produce outputs. Synaptic convergence, where multiple neurons converge their inputs onto a single downstream neuron, is common in natural neural circuits. However,…

Mixed-signal analog/digital circuits emulate spiking neurons and synapses with extremely high energy efficiency, an approach known as "neuromorphic engineering". However, analog circuits are sensitive to process-induced variation among…

Spike-based learning with memristive devices in neuromorphic computing architectures typically uses learning circuits that require overlapping pulses from pre- and post-synaptic nodes. This imposes severe constraints on the length of the…

Deep learning has led to significant advances in artificial intelligence, in part, by adopting strategies motivated by neurophysiology. However, it is unclear whether deep learning could occur in the real brain. Here, we show that a deep…