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Many real-world optimization problems have multiple interacting components. Each of these can be NP-hard and they can be in conflict with each other, i.e., the optimal solution for one component does not necessarily represent an optimal…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Jonatas B. C. Chagas , Markus Wagner

Optimal Lens Design constitutes a fundamental, long-standing real-world optimization challenge. Potentially large number of optima, rich variety of critical points, as well as solid understanding of certain optimal designs per simple…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Anna V. Kononova , Ofer M. Shir , Teus Tukker , Pierluigi Frisco , Shutong Zeng , Thomas Bäck

The Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP) is a fundamental NP-hard optimisation challenge with widespread applications in logistics, operations research, and network design. While classical algorithms effectively solve small to medium-sized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-04 Christos Lytrosyngounis , Ioannis Lytrosyngounis

The Traveling Salesman Problem is one of the most intensively studied combinatorial optimization problems due both to its range of real-world applications and its computational complexity. When combined with the Set Covering Problem, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Yuwen Yang , Jayant Rajgopal

Traveling salesman problem is a NP-hard problem. Until now, researchers have not found a polynomial time algorithm for traveling salesman problem. Among the existing algorithms, dynamic programming algorithm can solve the problem in time…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-10-16 Yunpeng Li

Dubins tours represent a solution of the Dubins Traveling Salesman Problem (DTSP) that is a variant of the optimization routing problem to determine a curvature-constrained shortest path to visit a set of locations such that the path is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Jan Drchal , Jan Faigl , Petr Váňa

We introduce a fast, quasi-linear-time heuristic for the Close-Enough Traveling Salesman Problem (CETSP), a continuous generalization of the Euclidean TSP in which each target is a disk that must be intersected. The method adapts the…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Khoi Duong

Transport processes are universal in real-world complex networks, such as communication and transportation networks. As the increase of the traffic in these complex networks, problems like traffic congestion and transport delay are becoming…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Jiexin Wu , Cunlai Pu , Shuxin Ding , Guo Cao , Panos M. Pardalos

Over the past few years, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), also known as drones, have been adopted as part of a new logistic method in the commercial sector called "last-mile delivery". In this novel approach, they are deployed alongside…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-01-03 Quang Minh Ha , Yves Deville , Quang Dung Pham , Minh Hoàng Hà

We show that the traveling salesman problem (TSP) and its many variants may be modeled as functional optimization problems over a graph. In this formulation, all vertices and arcs of the graph are functionals; i.e., a mapping from a space…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-05-08 I. M. Ross , R. J. Proulx , M. Karpenko

We introduce a new bounding approach called Continuity* C*, which provides optimality guarantees for the Moving-Target Traveling Salesman Problem (MT-TSP). Our approach relaxes the continuity constraints on the agent's tour by partitioning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Allen George Philip , Zhongqiang Ren , Sivakumar Rathinam , Howie Choset

Hougardy and Schroeder (WG 2014) proposed a combinatorial technique for pruning the search space in the traveling salesman problem, establishing that, for a given instance, certain edges cannot be present in any optimal tour. We describe an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-17 William Cook , Keld Helsgaun , Stefan Hougardy , Rasmus T. Schroeder

We consider the Travelling Salesman Problem with Vertex Requisitions, where for each position of the tour at most two possible vertices are given. It is known that the problem is strongly NP-hard. The proposed algorithm for this problem has…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-03-14 Anton Eremeev , Yulia Kovalenko

We show that certain ways of solving some combinatorial optimization problems can be understood as using query planes to divide the space of problem instances into polyhedra that could fit into those that characterize the problem's various…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Jian Yang

The Traveling-Salesperson-Problem (TSP) is arguably one of the best-known NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems. The two sophisticated heuristic solvers LKH and EAX and respective (restart) variants manage to calculate close-to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-28 Jakob Bossek , Pascal Kerschke , Heike Trautmann

Generating paired sequences with maximal compatibility from a given set is one of the most important challenges in various applications, including information and communication technologies. However, the number of possible pairings explodes…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Naoki Fujita , Nicolas Chauvet , Andre Roehm , Ryoichi Horisaki , Aohan Li , Mikio Hasegawa , Makoto Naruse

This paper aims to develop a learning method for a special class of traveling salesman problems (TSP), namely, the pickup-and-delivery TSP (PDTSP), which finds the shortest tour along a sequence of one-to-one pickup-and-delivery nodes.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Bowen Fang , Xu Chen , Xuan Di

The Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP), a quintessential NP-hard combinatorial optimisation challenge, is vital for logistics and network design but limited by exponential complexity in large instances. We propose a hybrid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-01 Christos Lytrosyngounis , Ioannis Lytrosyngounis

This paper presents a framework to tackle combinatorial optimization problems using neural networks and reinforcement learning. We focus on the traveling salesman problem (TSP) and train a recurrent network that, given a set of city…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-01-16 Irwan Bello , Hieu Pham , Quoc V. Le , Mohammad Norouzi , Samy Bengio

We report a new statistical general property in traveling salesman problem, that the $n$th-nearest-neighbor distribution of optimal tours verifies with very high accuracy an exponential decay as a function of the order of neighbor $n$. With…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Yong Chen , Pan Zhang