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The entirely soft and transformable room-temperature liquid metal battery based on 3D hybrid printing was proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Liquid metal gallium and conductive gel were employed as the negative and positive electrode…
A one-dimensional, dynamic, two-phase, isothermal model of proton exchange membrane fuel cell systems using a finite-difference approach has been developed. This model balances the simplicity of lumped-parameter models with the detailed…
Magnetohydrodynamically induced interface instability in liquid metal batteries is analyzed. The batteries are represented by a simplified system in the form of a rectangular cell, in which strong vertical electric current flows through…
Mathematical modeling of lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) is a primary challenge in advanced battery management. This paper proposes two new frameworks to integrate physics-based models with machine learning to achieve high-precision modeling…
Deep learning (DL) has indeed emerged as a powerful tool for rapidly and accurately predicting materials properties from big data, such as the design of current commercial Li-ion batteries. However, its practical utility for multivalent…
Liquid metal batteries are proposed for low-cost grid scale energy storage. During their operation, solid intermetallic phases often form in the cathode and are known to limit the capacity of the cell. Fluid flow in the liquid electrodes…
Advancing lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in both design and usage is key to promoting electrification in the coming decades to mitigate human-caused climate change. Inadequate understanding of LIB degradation is an important bottleneck that…
A data-driven solution is provided for the fast-charging problem of lithium-ion batteries with multiple safety and aging constraints. The proposed method optimizes the charging current based on the observed history of measurable battery…
The state of charge (SOC) of lithium-ion batteries needs to be accurately estimated for safety and reliability purposes. For battery packs made of a large number of cells, it is not always feasible to design one SOC estimator per cell due…
Metal anodes provide the highest energy density in batteries. However, they still suffer from electrode/electrolyte interface side reactions and dendrite growth, especially under fast-charging conditions. In this paper, we consider a…
Porous electrodes composed of multiphase active materials are widely used in Li-ion batteries, but their dynamics are poorly understood. Two-phase models are largely empirical, and no models exist for three or more phases. Using a modified…
As all-solid-state batteries (SSBs) develop as an alternative to traditional cells, a thorough theoretical understanding of driving forces behind battery operation is needed. We present a fully first-principles-informed model of potential…
Polymer electrolytes (PEs) are promising candidates for use in next-generation high-voltage batteries, as they possess advantageous elastic and electrochemical properties. However, PEs still suffer from low ionic conductivity and need to be…
This paper is the second part of a series of papers about empirical approaches to open circuit voltage (OCV) modeling and its performance comparison in lithium-ion batteries. The first part of the series introduced various sources of…
Essential to various practical applications of lithium-ion batteries is the availability of accurate equivalent circuit models. This paper presents a new coupled electro-thermal model for batteries and studies how to extract it from data.…
Zinc-air batteries offer large specific energy densities, while relying on abundant and non-toxic materials. In this paper, we present the first multi-dimensional simulations of zinc-air batteries. We refine our existing theory-based model…
Physics-based electrochemical battery models derived from porous electrode theory are a very powerful tool for understanding lithium-ion batteries, as well as for improving their design and management. Different model fidelity, and thus…
Effective management and just-in-time maintenance of lithium-ion batteries require the knowledge of unmeasured (internal) variables that need to be estimated. Observers are thus designed for this purpose using a mathematical model of the…
A nonequilibrium thermodynamic model is presented for the nonisothermal lithium-ion battery cell. Coupling coefficients, all significant for transport of heat, mass, charge and chemical reaction, were used to model profiles of temperature,…
This paper presents the development of machine learning-enabled data-driven models for effective capacity predictions for lithium-ion batteries under different cyclic conditions. To achieve this, a model structure is first proposed with the…