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Diffusion models have recently emerged as a powerful technique in image generation, especially for image super-resolution tasks. While 2D diffusion models significantly enhance the resolution of individual images, existing diffusion-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Bohao Chen , Yanchao Zhang , Yanan Lv , Hua Han , Xi Chen

The ability to resolve the dynamics of matter on its native temporal and spatial scales constitutes a key challenge and convergent theme across chemistry, biology, and materials science. The last couple of decades have witnessed ultrafast…

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) uses a multi-stage collimator system to absorb the growing halo of circulating beams to protect and ensure reliable operation of superconducting magnets. A similar system is planned for the Future Circular…

The growth and exfoliation of two-dimensional (2D) materials have led to the creation of edges and novel interfacial states at the juncture between crystals with different composition or phases. These hybrid heterostructures (HSs) can be…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-04-02 Oscar Ávalos-Ovando , Diego Mastrogiuseppe , Sergio E. Ulloa

van der Waals (vdW) heterojunctions formed by two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted tremendous attention due to their excellent electrical/optical properties and device applications. However, current 2D heterojunctions are largely…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-11-10 Daowei He , Yiming Pan , Haiyan Nan , Shuai Gu , Ziyi Yang , Bing Wu , Xiaoguang Luo , Bingchen Xu , Yuhan Zhang , Yun Li , Zhenhua Ni , Baigeng Wang , Jia Zhu , Yang Chai , Yi Shi , Xinran Wang

X-ray crystallography (XC) is an experimental technique used to determine three-dimensional crystalline structures. The acquired data in XC, called diffraction patterns, is the Fourier magnitudes of the unknown crystalline structure. To…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-09 Samuel Pinilla , Jorge Bacca , Cesar Vargas , Juan Carlos Poveda-Jaramillo , Henry Arguello

We demonstrate high-resolution non-iterative holographic coherent diffraction imaging with hard X-rays using a novel phase-shifting reference, fabricated by atomic layer deposition to produce nanosharp 3D structure. The method surpasses the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-10-17 Mirna Saliba , Jeroen Bosgra , Christoph Rau , Christian David , Aaron D. Parsons , Ulrich H. Wagner , Pierre Thibault

Single particle cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is an imaging technique capable of recovering the high-resolution 3-D structure of biological macromolecules from many noisy and randomly oriented projection images. One notable…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-01-30 Andy Zhang , Oscar Mickelin , Joe Kileel , Eric J. Verbeke , Nicholas F. Marshall , Marc Aurèle Gilles , Amit Singer

Two dimensional van der Waals heterostructures (2D are of significant interest due to their intriguing physical properties that are critically defined by the constituent monolayers and their interlayer coupling . However, typical inorganic…

Two-dimensional materials are expected to play an important role in next-generation electronics and optoelectronic devices. Recently, twisted bilayer graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides have attracted significant attention due to…

Two-dimensional (2D) materials offer opportunities to explore both fundamental science and applications in the limit of atomic thickness. Beyond the prototypical case of graphene, other 2D materials have recently come to the fore. Of…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-01-11 Adam. J. Watson , Wenbo Lu , Marcos H. D. Guimarães , Meike Stöhr

Sub-angstrom spatial resolution of electron density coupled with sub-femtosecond temporal resolution is required to directly observe the dynamics of the electronic structure of a molecule after photoinitiation or some other ultrafast…

Two-dimensional (2D) crystals are attracting growing interest in various research fields such as engineering, physics, chemistry, pharmacy and biology owing to their low dimensionality and dramatic change of properties compared to the bulk…

Ubiquitous to most molecular scattering methods is the challenge to retrieve bond distance and angle from the scattering signals since this requires convergence of pattern matching algorithms or fitting methods. This problem is typically…

Recent progress in the synthesis and assembly of two-dimensional (2D) materials has laid the foundation for various applications of atomically thin layer films. These 2D materials possess rich and diverse properties such as layer-dependent…

Applied Physics · Physics 2022-04-12 Ying Liu , Yanjun Fang , Deren Yang , Xiaodong Pi , Peijian Wang

Four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) of local atomic diffraction patterns is emerging as a powerful technique for probing intricate details of atomic structure and atomic electric fields. However, efficient…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-01-15 Xin Li , Ondrej E. Dyck , Mark P. Oxley , Andrew R. Lupini , Leland McInnes , John Healy , Stephen Jesse , Sergei V. Kalinin

Dielectric tensor tomography is an imaging technique for mapping three-dimensional distributions of dielectric properties in transparent materials. This work introduces an enhanced illumination strategy employing a micro-electromechanical…

Curvilinear structures frequently appear in microscopy imaging as the object of interest. Crystallographic defects, i.e., dislocations, are one of the curvilinear structures that have been repeatedly investigated under transmission electron…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-19 Okan Altingövde , Anastasiia Mishchuk , Gulnaz Ganeeva , Emad Oveisi , Cecile Hebert , Pascal Fua

We introduce a rapid data acquisition and reconstruction method to image the crystalline structure of materials and associated strain and orientations at micrometer resolution using Laue diffraction. Our method relies on scanning a…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-09-15 Doga Gursoy , Dina Sheyfer , Michael Wojcik , Wenjun Liu , Jonathan Z. Tischler

We present a few recent developments in the field of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). We highlight how open source algorithms and open data formats can be used to rapidly to develop microstructural insight of materials. We include…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-08-15 Alex Foden , Alessandro Previero , Thomas Benjamin Britton