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Recently, reinforcement learning (RL) has proved a promising alternative for conventional local heuristics in score-based approaches to learning directed acyclic causal graphs (DAGs) from observational data. However, the intricate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Bao Duong , Hung Le , Biwei Huang , Thin Nguyen

Distributed multi-party learning provides an effective approach for training a joint model with scattered data under legal and practical constraints. However, due to the quagmire of a skewed distribution of data labels across participants…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Maoguo Gong , Yuan Gao , Yue Wu , A. K. Qin

Learning the structure of Bayesian networks is a difficult combinatorial optimization problem. In this paper, we consider learning of tree-augmented naive Bayes (TAN) structures for Bayesian network classifiers with discrete input features.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Wolfgang Roth , Franz Pernkopf

Through recognizing causal subgraphs, causal graph learning (CGL) has risen to be a promising approach for improving the generalizability of graph neural networks under out-of-distribution (OOD) scenarios. However, the empirical successes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Yujia Yin , Tianyi Qu , Zihao Wang , Yifan Chen

In this paper, we propose a score-based normalizing flow method called DAG-NF to learn dependencies of input observation data. Inspired by Grad-CAM in computer vision, we use jacobian matrix of output on input as causal relationships and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Xiongren Chen

We present an efficient distributed online learning scheme to classify data captured from distributed, heterogeneous, and dynamic data sources. Our scheme consists of multiple distributed local learners, that analyze different streams of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-08-27 Luca Canzian , Yu Zhang , Mihaela van der Schaar

Reinforcement learning is typically treated as a uniform, data-driven optimization process, where updates are guided by rewards and temporal-difference errors without explicitly exploiting global structure. In contrast, dynamic programming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Ivo Nowak

A variety of real-world tasks involve the classification of images into pre-determined categories. Designing image classification algorithms that exhibit robustness to acquisition noise and image distortions, particularly when the available…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-03-10 Umamahesh Srinivas

Most of the existing methods for anomaly detection use only positive data to learn the data distribution, thus they usually need a pre-defined threshold at the detection stage to determine whether a test instance is an outlier.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Kai Tian , Shuigeng Zhou , Jianping Fan , Jihong Guan

Adaptive networks today rely on overparameterized fixed topologies that cannot break through the statistical conflicts they encounter in the data they are exposed to, and are prone to "catastrophic forgetting" as the network attempts to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Zeki Doruk Erden , Boi Faltings

With observational data alone, causal structure learning is a challenging problem. The task becomes easier when having access to data collected from perturbations of the underlying system, even when the nature of these is unknown. Existing…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-10 Armeen Taeb , Juan L. Gamella , Christina Heinze-Deml , Peter Bühlmann

Identifying causal relations among multi-variate time series is one of the most important elements towards understanding the complex mechanisms underlying the dynamic system. It provides critical tools for forecasting, simulations and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Yang Sun , Yifan Xie

Causal analysis helps us understand variables that are responsible for system failures. This improves fault detection and makes system more reliable. In this work, we present a new method that combines causal inference with machine learning…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-05 Karthik Peddi , Sai Ram Aditya Parisineni , Hemanth Macharla , Mayukha Pal

The assumption of independence between observations (units) in a dataset is prevalent across various methodologies for learning causal graphical models. However, this assumption often finds itself in conflict with real-world data, posing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Alex Chen , Qing Zhou

Distribution matching (DM) is a versatile domain-invariant representation learning technique that has been applied to tasks such as fair classification, domain adaptation, and domain translation. Non-parametric DM methods struggle with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Ziyu Gong , Jim Lim , David I. Inouye

We consider the problem of structure learning for linear causal models based on observational data. We treat models given by possibly cyclic mixed graphs, which allow for feedback loops and effects of latent confounders. Generalizing…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-21 Carlos Améndola , Philipp Dettling , Mathias Drton , Federica Onori , Jun Wu

Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) are a standard tool in causal modeling, but their suitability for capturing the complexity of large-scale multimodal data is questionable. In practice, real-world multimodal datasets are often collected from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yuhang Liu , Zhen Zhang , Dong Gong , Erdun Gao , Biwei Huang , Mingming Gong , Anton van den Hengel , Kun Zhang , Javen Qinfeng Shi

In this work, we discover that causal inference provides a promising approach to capture heterophilic message-passing in Graph Neural Network (GNN). By leveraging cause-effect analysis, we can discern heterophilic edges based on asymmetric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Botao Wang , Jia Li , Heng Chang , Keli Zhang , Fugee Tsung

In many problems, the measured variables (e.g., image pixels) are just mathematical functions of the latent causal variables (e.g., the underlying concepts or objects). For the purpose of making predictions in changing environments or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Kun Zhang , Shaoan Xie , Ignavier Ng , Yujia Zheng

In this paper, we discuss structure learning of causal networks from multiple data sets obtained by external intervention experiments where we do not know what variables are manipulated. For example, the conditions in these experiments are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-10-28 Yango He , Zhi Geng