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Crowd-intelligence tries to gather, process, infer and ascertain massive useful information by utilizing the intelligence of crowds or distributed computers, which has great potential in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). A…
Many existing timed-release encryption schemes uses time-lock puzzles to avoid relying on a trusted timeserver or a key holder which could be a weak spot in data security. However, it is unavoidable to consume massive computing power for…
The goal of this work is to provide a viable solution based on reinforcement learning for traffic signal control problems. Although the state-of-the-art reinforcement learning approaches have yielded great success in a variety of domains,…
In Tendermint blockchains, the proof-of-stake mechanism and the underlying consensus algorithm entail a dynamic fault model that implies that the active validators (nodes that sign blocks) may change over time, and a quorum of these…
Critical infrastructure defense is fundamentally bottlenecked by the operational reality that preventive controls are frequently bypassed by sophisticated supply-chain compromises and stolen administrative credentials. When prevention…
Off-chain protocols (channels) are a promising solution to the scalability and privacy challenges of blockchain payments. Current proposals, however, require synchrony assumptions to preserve the safety of a channel, leaking to an adversary…
Ethereum is one of the most popular blockchain systems that supports more than half a million transactions every day and fosters miscellaneous decentralized applications with its Turing-complete smart contract machine. Whereas it remains…
In blockchains such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, transactions represent the primary mechanism that the external world can use to trigger a change of blockchain state. Transactions serve as key sources of evidence and play a vital role in…
When output token counts can be predicted at submission time (Gan et al., 2026), client-side scheduling against a black-box LLM API becomes semi-clairvoyant: decisions condition on coarse token priors even though the provider's internals…
Urban traffic congestion is a chronic problem faced by many cities in the US and worldwide. It results in inefficient infrastructure use as well as increased vehicle fuel consumption and emission levels. Congestion is intertwined with…
Many safety-critical real-time systems operate under harsh environment and are subject to soft errors caused by transient or intermittent faults. It is critical and yet often very challenging to apply fault tolerance techniques in these…
We consider the problem of computing the convolution of two long vectors using parallel processing units in the presence of "stragglers". Stragglers refer to the small fraction of faulty or slow processors that delays the entire computation…
Modern blockchains increasingly rely on parallel execution to improve throughput. We show several industry and academic transaction fee mechanisms (TFMs) struggle to simultaneously account for execution parallelism while remaining…
Manufacturing, automotive, and aerospace environments use embedded systems for control and automation and need to fulfill strict real-time guarantees. To facilitate more efficient business processes and remote control, such devices are…
Congestion is said to occur in the network when the resource demands exceed the capacity and packets are lost due to too much queuing in the network. During congestion, the network throughput may drop to zero and the path delay may become…
We consider the problem of minimizing the delay of jobs moving through a directed graph of service nodes. In this problem, each node may have several links and is constrained to serve one link at a time. As jobs move through the network,…
Ethereum's Gas mechanism attempts to set transaction fees in accordance with the computational cost of transaction execution: a cost borne by default by every node on the network to ensure correct smart contract execution. Gas encourages…
Ethereum's current Gasper consensus mechanism, which combines the Latest Message Driven Greediest Heaviest Observed SubTree (LMD-GHOST) fork choice rule with the probabilistic Casper the Friendly Finality Gadget (FFG) finality overlay,…
We address the Threshold Information Disclosure (TID) problem on Ethereum: An arbitrary number of users commit to the scheduled disclosure of their individual messages recorded on the Ethereum blockchain if and only if all such messages are…
Modern public blockchains like Ethereum rely on p2p networks to run distributed and censorship-resistant applications. With its wide adoption, it operates as a highly critical public ledger. On its transition to become more scalable and…