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Machine learning models are vulnerable to adversarial examples: minor perturbations to input samples intended to deliberately cause misclassification. While an obvious security threat, adversarial examples yield as well insights about the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Kathrin Grosse , David Pfaff , Michael Thomas Smith , Michael Backes

We address the problem of assessing the robustness of the equilibria in uncertain, multi-agent games. Specifically, we focus on generalized Nash equilibrium problems in aggregative form subject to linear coupling constraints affected by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-05-20 Filippo Fabiani , Kostas Margellos , Paul J. Goulart

Adversarial training is an effective learning technique to improve the robustness of deep neural networks. In this study, the influence of adversarial training on deep learning models in terms of fairness, robustness, and generalization is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Xiaoling Zhou , Nan Yang , Ou Wu

Adversarial training is one of the most popular methods for training methods robust to adversarial attacks, however, it is not well-understood from a theoretical perspective. We prove and existence, regularity, and minimax theorems for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Natalie S. Frank , Jonathan Niles-Weed

Neural networks have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance in various machine learning fields. However, the introduction of malicious perturbations in input data, known as adversarial examples, has been shown to deceive neural network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Dennis Y. Menn , Tzu-hsun Feng , Hung-yi Lee

The adversarial risk of a machine learning model has been widely studied. Most previous works assume that the data lies in the whole ambient space. We propose to take a new angle and take the manifold assumption into consideration. Assuming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-11 Wenjia Zhang , Yikai Zhang , Xiaoling Hu , Mayank Goswami , Chao Chen , Dimitris Metaxas

Deep neural networks are known to be vulnerable to small adversarial perturbations in test data. To defend against adversarial attacks, probabilistic classifiers have been proposed as an alternative to deterministic ones. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Lucas Gnecco-Heredia , Yann Chevaleyre , Benjamin Negrevergne , Laurent Meunier , Muni Sreenivas Pydi

While it has long been empirically observed that adversarial robustness may be at odds with standard accuracy and may have further disparate impacts on different classes, it remains an open question to what extent such observations hold and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Yuzheng Hu , Fan Wu , Hongyang Zhang , Han Zhao

Adversarial training has gained great popularity as one of the most effective defenses for deep neural network and more generally for gradient-based machine learning models against adversarial perturbations on data points. This paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Haotian Gu , Xin Guo , Xinyu Li

We propose the first general PAC-Bayesian generalization bounds for adversarial robustness, that estimate, at test time, how much a model will be invariant to imperceptible perturbations in the input. Instead of deriving a worst-case…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Paul Viallard , Guillaume Vidot , Amaury Habrard , Emilie Morvant

Ideally, what confuses neural network should be confusing to humans. However, recent experiments have shown that small, imperceptible perturbations can change the network prediction. To address this gap in perception, we propose a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-31 Alexander Matyasko , Lap-Pui Chau

Adversarial training tends to result in models that are less accurate on natural (unperturbed) examples compared to standard models. This can be attributed to either an algorithmic shortcoming or a fundamental property of the training data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Alireza Mousavi Hosseini , Amir Mohammad Abouei , Mohammad Hossein Rohban

This work studies the distributionally robust evaluation of expected values over temporal data. A set of alternative measures is characterized by the causal optimal transport. We prove the strong duality and recast the causality constraint…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-06-18 Bingyan Han

Adversarially robust training has been shown to reduce the susceptibility of learned models to targeted input data perturbations. However, it has also been observed that such adversarially robust models suffer a degradation in accuracy when…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-07 Thomas T. C. K. Zhang , Bruce D. Lee , Hamed Hassani , Nikolai Matni

This paper provides a unified view to explain different adversarial attacks and defense methods, \emph{i.e.} the view of multi-order interactions between input variables of DNNs. Based on the multi-order interaction, we discover that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Jie Ren , Die Zhang , Yisen Wang , Lu Chen , Zhanpeng Zhou , Yiting Chen , Xu Cheng , Xin Wang , Meng Zhou , Jie Shi , Quanshi Zhang

We study the robust Nash equilibrium (RNE) for a class of games in communications systems and networks where the impact of users on each other is an additive function of their strategies. Each user measures this impact, which may be…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2011-09-21 Saeedeh Parsaeefard , Ahmad R. Sharafat , Mihaela van der Schaar

A new understanding of adversarial examples and adversarial robustness is proposed by decoupling the data generator and the label generator (which we call the teacher). In our framework, adversarial robustness is a conditional concept---the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Chao Ma , Lexing Ying

We present a multivariate one-sided sensitivity analysis for matched observational studies, appropriate when the researcher has specified that a given causal mechanism should manifest itself in effects on multiple outcome variables in a…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-03 Peter L. Cohen , Matt A. Olson , Colin B. Fogarty

Adversarial attacks expose important vulnerabilities of deep learning models, yet little attention has been paid to settings where data arrives as a stream. In this paper, we formalize the online adversarial attack problem, emphasizing two…

Adversarial examples can be defined as inputs to a model which induce a mistake - where the model output is different than that of an oracle, perhaps in surprising or malicious ways. Original models of adversarial attacks are primarily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Peter Henderson , Koustuv Sinha , Rosemary Nan Ke , Joelle Pineau