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We point out a general framework that encompasses most cases in which quantum effects enable an increase in precision when estimating a parameter (quantum metrology). The typical quantum precision-enhancement is of the order of the square…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Vittorio Giovannetti , Seth Lloyd , Lorenzo Maccone

We present a sensing scheme for estimating the frequency difference of two non-entangled photons. The technique consists of time-resolving sampling measurements at the output of a beam splitter. With this protocol, the frequency shift…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-10 Luca Maggio , Danilo Triggiani , Paolo Facchi , Vincenzo Tamma

The optimal quantum measurements for estimating different unknown parameters in a parameterized quantum state are usually incompatible with each other. Traditional approaches to addressing the measurement incompatibility issue, such as the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Sisi Zhou , Senrui Chen

Quantum metrology enhances measurement precision by utilising the properties of quantum physics. In interferometry, this is typically achieved by evolving highly-entangled quantum states before performing single-shot measurements to reveal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-11 Kawthar Al Rasbi , Almut Beige , Lewis A. Clark

Multiparameter quantum metrology is essential for a wide range of practical applications. However, simultaneously achieving the ultimate precision for all parameters, as prescribed by the quantum Cram\'er-Rao bound (QCRB), remains a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-15 Minghao Mi , Ben Wang , Lijian Zhang

We derive fundamental lower bounds on the performance of optical metrology and communication systems in a Bayesian framework. The derivation uses classical rate-distortion theory in conjunction with bounds on the capacity to transmit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-24 Ranjith Nair

In quantum metrology quantum properties such as squeezing and entanglement are exploited in the design of a new generation of clocks, sensors and other measurement devices that can outperform their classical counterparts. Applications of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-26 Mehdi Ahmadi , David Edward Bruschi , Ivette Fuentes

The attainability of the quantum Cram\'er-Rao bound [QCR], the ultimate limit in the precision of the estimation of a physical parameter, requires the saturation of the quantum information bound [QIB]. This occurs when the Fisher…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-26 Fabricio Toscano , Wellison P. Bastos , Ruynet L. de Matos Filho

Quantum effects like entanglement and coherent amplification can be used to drastically enhance the accuracy of quantum parameter estimation beyond classical limits. However, challenges such as decoherence and time-dependent errors hinder…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-18 Yulong Dong , Jonathan A. Gross , Murphy Yuezhen Niu

Quantum sensors have the potential to outperform their classical counterparts. For classical sensing, the uncertainty of the estimation of the target fields scales inversely with the square root of the measurement time T. On the other hand,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-09 Yuichiro Matsuzaki , Simon Benjamin , Shojun Nakayama , Shiro Saito , William J. Munro

We provide a quantum benchmark for teleportation and storage of single-mode squeezed states with zero displacement and a completely unknown degree of squeezing along a given direction. For pure squeezed input states, a fidelity higher than…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-04-29 Gerardo Adesso , Giulio Chiribella

It is challenged only recently that the precision attainable in any measurement of a physical parameter is fundamentally limited by the quantum Cram\'{e}r-Rao Bound (QCRB). Here, targeting at measuring parameters in strongly dissipative…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-08 Da-Jian Zhang , Jiangbin Gong

We carefully examine critical metrology and present an improved critical quantum metrology protocol which relies on quenching a system exhibiting a superradiant quantum phase transition beyond its critical point. We show that this approach…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-04 Karol Gietka , Lewis Ruks , Thomas Busch

Quantum metrology studies quantum strategies which enable us to outperform their classical counterparts. In this framework, the existence of perfect classical reference frames is usually assumed. However, such ideal reference frames might…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Dominik Šafránek , Mehdi Ahmadi , Ivette Fuentes

Quantum physics holds the promise of enabling certain tasks with better performance than possible when only classical resources are employed. The quantum phenomena present in many experiments signify nonclassical behavior, but do not always…

The laws of quantum mechanics place fundamental limits on the accuracy of measurements and therefore on the estimation of unknown parameters of a quantum system. In this work, we prove lower bounds on the size of confidence regions reported…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-12-23 Michael Walter , Joseph M. Renes

Making use of coherence and entanglement as metrological quantum resources allows to improve the measurement precision from the shot-noise- or quantum limit to the Heisenberg limit. Quantum metrology then relies on the availability of…

Quantum sensing with undetected photons is a technique where photons of one wavelength probe a sample, but information is extracted by measuring photons of another wavelength that never interacts with the sample. This has seen significant…

Quantum metrology is a promising practical use case for quantum technologies, where physical quantities can be measured with unprecedented precision. In lieu of quantum error correction procedures, near term quantum devices are expected to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-03 Yingkai Ouyang , Nathan Shettell , Damian Markham

We investigate the problem of estimating simultaneously multiple parameters encoded in the shape of the modes on which the light is expanded. For this, we generalize the mode-encoded parameter estimation theory as introduced in Ref.[1] to a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-23 Alexander Boeschoten , Giacomo Sorelli , Manuel Gessner , Claude Fabre , Nicolas Treps
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