Related papers: What's math got to do with patterns in fish?
Humans rely heavily on shapes as a primary cue for object recognition. As secondary cues, colours and textures are also beneficial in this regard. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), an imitation of biological neural networks, have been…
Image classifiers often use spurious patterns, such as "relying on the presence of a person to detect a tennis racket, which do not generalize. In this work, we present an end-to-end pipeline for identifying and mitigating spurious patterns…
A model of pattern formation in living systems is presented. The pattern is achieved by the sequential interaction of two signaling pathways. The coupling of the pattern to the (thick) epithelial sheet changes is given, when the Gauss…
Icicles with wave patterns on their surfaces can sometimes be seen hanging from roofs of buildings. Surprisingly, most of these wave patterns are at intervals of about 1 cm. The reason for this uniformity of interval has not been clarified.…
A proper edge $t$-coloring of a graph is a coloring of its edges with colors $1,2,...,t$ such that all colors are used, and no two adjacent edges receive the same color. For any integer $n\geq 3$, all possible values of $t$ are found, for…
In many adult tissues, stem cells and differentiated cells are not homogeneously distributed : stem cells are arranged in periodic "niches", and differentiated cells are constantly produced and migrate out of these niches. In this article,…
A fuzzy system was created in MATLAB to identify an item of clothing as a dress, shirt, or pair of pants from a series of input images. The system was initialized using a high-contrast vector-image of each item of clothing as the state…
We give a characterization of finite sets of triples of elements (e.g., positive integers) that can be colored with two colors such that for every element $i$ in each color class there exists a triple which does not contain $i$. We give a…
Fish schools are able to display a rich variety of collective states and behavioural responses when they are confronted to threats. However a school's response to perturbations may be different depending on its collective state. Here we use…
Age spots are the brown spots that develop in the skin but change in color and shape with time. To understand the mechanism of development of age spots, characteristics of age spots are analyzed by Misrepair mechanism, a mechanism…
This paper is devoted to studying obstacle avoiding patterns and cohesiveness of fish school. First, we introduce a model of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) for describing the process of fish school's obstacle avoidance. Second, on…
Despite significant efforts devoted to understanding the underlying complexity and emergence of collective movement in animal groups, the role of different external settings on this type of movement remains largely unexplored. Here, by…
Zebrafish pretectal neurons exhibit specificities for large-field optic flow patterns associated with rotatory or translatory body motion. We investigate the hypothesis that these specificities reflect the input statistics of natural optic…
Resources are rarely distributed uniformly within a population. Heterogeneity in the concentration of a drug, the quality of breeding sites, or wealth can all affect evolutionary dynamics. In this study, we represent a collection of…
When we look at the world around us, we see both organized (also called ordered) and disorganized (also called disordered) arrangements of things. Carefully-tiled floors and brick walls have organized and repeating patterns, but the stars…
Dense granular flows are often unstable and form inhomogeneous structures. Although significant advances have been recently made in understanding simple flows, instabilities of such flows are often not understood. We present experimental…
If a body in a stream is provided with small ridges aligned in the local flow direction, a remarkable drag reduction can be reached under turbulent flow conditions. This surprising phenomenon is called the 'shark skin effect'. We…
Sand--bubblers are crabs of the genera Dotilla and Scopimera which are known to produce remarkable patterns and structures at tropical beaches. From these pattern-making abilities, we may draw inspiration for digital visual art. A simple…
Paint marbling refers to techniques for creating intricate designs in colored paints floating on a liquid surface. If the marbling motions are executed slowly, then this layer of paints can be modeled as a two-dimensional incompressible…
The flooding games, which are called Flood-It, Mad Virus, or HoneyBee, are a kind of coloring games and they have been becoming popular online. In these games, each player colors one specified cell in his/her turn, and all connected…