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The K-Means clustering using LLoyd's algorithm is an iterative approach to partition the given dataset into K different clusters. The algorithm assigns each point to the cluster based on the following objective function \[\ \min…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Ashish Srivastava , Mohammed Nawfal

In the current digital age, the volume of data generated by various cyber activities has become enormous and is constantly increasing. The data may contain valuable insights that can be harnessed to improve cyber security measures. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Noor Saud Abd , Noor Walid Khalid , Basim Hussein Ali

In machine learning and data mining, Cluster analysis is one of the most widely used unsupervised learning technique. Philosophy of this algorithm is to find similar data items and group them together based on any distance function in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-10-09 Kumarjit Pathak , Jitin Kapila

In this chapter we review the main literature related to kernel spectral clustering (KSC), an approach to clustering cast within a kernel-based optimization setting. KSC represents a least-squares support vector machine based formulation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-05-05 Rocco Langone , Raghvendra Mall , Carlos Alzate , Johan A. K. Suykens

K-means is one of the most widely used algorithms for clustering in Data Mining applications, which attempts to minimize the sum of the square of the Euclidean distance of the points in the clusters from the respective means of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-01 Sayantan Dasgupta

The purpose of this paper is to improve the traditional K-means algorithm. In the traditional K mean clustering algorithm, the initial clustering centers are generated randomly in the data set. It is easy to fall into the local minimum…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-11 Su Chang , Xu Zhenzong , Gao Xuan

This paper introduces a novel K-means clustering algorithm, an advancement on the conventional Big-means methodology. The proposed method efficiently integrates parallel processing, stochastic sampling, and competitive optimization to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Rustam Mussabayev , Ravil Mussabayev

K-Means algorithm is a popular clustering method. However, it has two limitations: 1) it gets stuck easily in spurious local minima, and 2) the number of clusters k has to be given a priori. To solve these two issues, a multi-prototypes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Dong Li , Shuisheng Zhou , Tieyong Zeng , Raymond H. Chan

Big Data is a massive volume of both structured and unstructured data that is too large and it also difficult to process using traditional techniques. Clustering algorithms have developed as a powerful learning tool that can exactly analyze…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-24 Y. A. Joarder , Mosabbir Ahmed

Clustering is a useful data exploratory method with its wide applicability in multiple fields. However, data clustering greatly relies on initialization of cluster centers that can result in large intra-cluster variance and dead centers,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-15 Vibin Vijay , Raghunath Vp , Amarjot Singh , SN Omar

The $k$-means is one of the most important unsupervised learning techniques in statistics and computer science. The goal is to partition a data set into many clusters, such that observations within clusters are the most homogeneous and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-21 Tonglin Zhang

Clustering algorithms can help reconstruct the assembly history of the Milky Way by identifying groups of stars sharing similar properties in a kinematical or chemical abundance space. Despite being promising tools, their efficiency has not…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-03-16 Andrea Sante , Andreea S. Font , Dharmesh Mistry , Sandra Ortega-Martorell , Ivan Olier

Positron Emission Tomography scan images are extensively used in radiotherapy planning, clinical diagnosis, assessment of growth and treatment of a tumor. These all rely on fidelity and speed of detection and delineation algorithm. Despite…

Medical Physics · Physics 2017-10-25 Yeman B. Hagos , Vu H. Minh , Saed Khawaldeh , Usama Pervaiz , Tajwar A. Aleef

Supervised classification can be effective for prediction but sometimes weak on interpretability or explainability (XAI). Clustering, on the other hand, tends to isolate categories or profiles that can be meaningful but there is no…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Vincent Lemaire , Oumaima Alaoui Ismaili , Antoine Cornuéjols , Dominique Gay

In several application domains, high-dimensional observations are collected and then analysed in search for naturally occurring data clusters which might provide further insights about the nature of the problem. In this paper we describe a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-03-07 Brian McWilliams , Giovanni Montana

Survival analysis encompasses a broad range of methods for analyzing time-to-event data, with one key objective being the comparison of survival curves across groups. Traditional approaches for identifying clusters of survival curves often…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-19 Nora M. Villanueva , Marta Sestelo , Luis Meira-Machado

The $k$-means algorithm is arguably the most popular nonparametric clustering method but cannot generally be applied to datasets with incomplete records. The usual practice then is to either impute missing values under an assumed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-09-11 Andrew Lithio , Ranjan Maitra

Clustering is a cornerstone of modern data analysis. Detecting clusters in exploratory data analyses (EDA) requires algorithms that make few assumptions about the data. Density-based clustering algorithms are particularly well-suited for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Daniël Bot , Leland McInnes , Jan Aerts

Cluster analysis is one of the primary data analysis technique in data mining and K-means is one of the commonly used partitioning clustering algorithm. In K-means algorithm, resulting set of clusters depend on the choice of initial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-09-11 Abhishek Kumar , Suresh Chandra Gupta

Using generative adversarial network (GAN)\cite{RN90} for data enhancement of medical images is significantly helpful for many computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) tasks. A new attack called CT-GAN has emerged. It can inject or remove lung cancer…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-31 Jianyi Zhang , Xuanxi Huang , Yaqi Liu , Yuyang Han , Zixiao Xiang