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Spotted stars in eclipsing binary systems allow us to gather significant information about the stellar surface inhomogeneities that is otherwise impossible from only photometric data. Starspots can be scanned using the eclipse (or transit)…

The yields from transit surveys can be used to constrain the frequency and statistical properties of extrasolar planets. Conversely, planet frequencies can be used to estimate expected detection rates, which are critical for the planning…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 B. Scott Gaudi

The Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect is the distortion of stellar spectral lines that occurs during eclipses or transits, due to stellar rotation. We assess the future prospects for using the RM effect to measure the alignment of planetary…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 B. Scott Gaudi , Joshua N. Winn

Time-series photometry and spectroscopy of transiting exoplanets allow us to study their atmospheres. Unfortunately, the required precision to extract atmospheric information surpasses the design specifications of most general purpose…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-14 Neale P. Gibson

The observed properties of transiting exoplanets are an exceptionally rich source of information that allows us to understand and characterize their physical properties. Unfortunately, only a relatively small fraction of the known…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Stephen R. Kane , Jonathan Horner , Kaspar von Braun

Small planets are extremely common in the Galaxy, including planets with masses and radii between those of Earth and Neptune. Characterizing these planets' masses requires ultra-precise radial velocities. The ESPRESSO spectrograph was…

Since the discovery of the first exoplanets, those most adequate for life to begin and evolve have been sought. Due to observational bias, however, most of the discovered planets so far are gas giants, precluding their habitability.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-11-24 Luis Ricardo M. Tusnski , Adriana Valio

A planet's orbital eccentricity is fundamental to understanding the present dynamical state of a system and is a relic of its formation history. There is high scientific value in measuring eccentricities of Kepler and TESS planets given the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-26 Mason G. MacDougall , Gregory J. Gilbert , Erik A. Petigura

The two dominant features in the distribution of orbital parameters for close-in exoplanets are the prevalence of circular orbits for very short periods, and the observation that planets on closer orbits tend to be heavier. The first…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Frederic Pont , Nawal Husnoo , Tsevi Mazeh , Daniel Fabrycky

Atmospheric retrievals (AR) characterize exoplanets by estimating atmospheric parameters from observed light spectra, typically by framing the task as a Bayesian inference problem. However, traditional approaches such as nested sampling are…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-14 Timothy D. Gebhard , Jonas Wildberger , Maximilian Dax , Daniel Angerhausen , Sascha P. Quanz , Bernhard Schölkopf

Context. The spectra of fast-rotating A-type stars have strongly broadened absorption lines. This effect causes blending of the absorption lines, hindering the measurement of the abundances of the elements that are in the stellar…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-06 M. B. Lam , H. J. Hoeijmakers , B. Prinoth , B. Thorsbro

We present refined values for the physical parameters of transiting exoplanets, based on a self-consistent and uniform analysis of transit light curves and the observable properties of the host stars. Previously it has been difficult to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 G. Torres , J. N. Winn , M. J. Holman

The large number of new planets expected from wide-area transit surveys means that follow-up transmission spectroscopy studies of their atmospheres will be limited by the availability of telescope assets. We argue that telescopes covering a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-10 J. S. Morgan , E. Kerins , S. Awiphan , I. McDonald , J. J. Hayes , S. Komonjinda , D. Mkritchian , N. Sanguansak

Transiting extrasolar planets provide an opportunity to study the mass-radius relation of planets as well as their internal structure. The existence of a secondary eclipse enables further study of the thermal properties of the the planet by…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Stephen R. Kane , Kaspar von Braun

Exoplanet transit events are attractive targets for the ultrahigh-resolution capabilities afforded by optical interferometers. The intersection of two developments in astronomy enable direct imaging of exoplanet transits: first,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-09 Gerard T. van Belle , Kaspar von Braun , Tabetha Boyajian , Gail Schaefer

We present an algorithm that can detect blends of bright stars with fainter, un-associated eclipsing binaries. Such systems contaminate searches for transiting planets, in particular in crowded fields where blends are common. Spectroscopic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Henk Hoekstra , Yanqin Wu , Andrzej Udalski

MassSpec, a method for determining the mass of a transiting exoplanet from its transmission spectrum alone, was proposed by \citet{dew13}. The premise of this method relies on the planet's surface gravity being extracted from the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-02-15 Natasha E. Batalha , Eliza M. -R. Kempton , Rostom Mbarek

Aims: We compare the apparent difference in timing of transiting planets (or eclipsing binaries) that are observed from widely separated locations (parallactic delay). Methods: A simple geometrical argument allow us to show that the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Aviv Ofir

Transiting planet discoveries have largely been restricted to the short-period or low-periastron distance regimes due to the bias inherent in the geometric transit probability. Through the refinement of planetary orbital parameters, and…

The radius-period distribution of exoplanets has been characterized by the \textit{Kepler} survey, and the empirical mass-radius relation by the subset of \textit{Kepler} planets with mass measurements. We combine the two in order to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-04 Andrew R. Neil , Leslie A. Rogers
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