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We consider the Schwarzian KP and Harry Dym hierarchies in the framework of the bilinear formalism which is well known for such integrable hierarchies as KP, modified KP, BKP, Toda lattice and other. We show that, similarly to the bilinear…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2026-05-04 Vadim Prokofev , Anton Zabrodin

In the present paper, we are concerned with the tau function and its connection with the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) theory for the massive Thirring (MT) model. First, we bilinearize the massive Thirring model under both the vanishing and…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2021-11-11 Junchao Chen , Bao-Feng Feng

We prove the dispersionless Hirota equations for the dispersionless Toda, dispersionless coupled modified KP and dispersionless KP hierarchies using an idea from classical complex analysis. We also prove that the Hirota equations…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Lee-Peng Teo

Starting from free charged fermions we give equivalent definitions of the $n\/$-component KP hierarchy, in terms of $\tau\/$-functions $\tau_\alpha\/$ (where $\alpha \in M =\/$ root lattice of $sl_n\/$), in terms of $n \times n\/$ matrix…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-22 V. G. Kac , J. W. van de Leur

Using the free fermions technique and bosonization rules we introduce the multicomponent DKP hierarchy as a generating bilinear integral equation for the tau-function. A number of bilinear equations of the Hirota-Miwa type are obtained as…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2024-07-18 A. Savchenko , A. Zabrodin

A higher dimensional analogue of the dispersionless KP hierarchy is introduced. In addition to the two-dimensional ``phase space'' variables $(k,x)$ of the dispersionless KP hierarchy, this hierarchy has extra spatial dimensions…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 Kanehisa Takasaki

Okounkov's generating function of the double Hurwitz numbers of the Riemann sphere is a hypergeometric tau function of the 2D Toda hierarchy in the sense of Orlov and Scherbin. This tau function turns into a tau function of the lattice KP…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-03-16 Kanehisa Takasaki

To every partition $n=n_1+n_2+\cdots+n_s$ one can associate a vertex operator realization of the Lie algebras $a_{\infty}$ and $\hat{gl}_n$. Using this construction we obtain reductions of the $s$--component KP hierarchy, reductions which…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-04-15 Johan van de Leur

In this paper, we constructed the addition formulae for several integrable hierarchies, including the discrete KP, the q-deformed KP, the two-component BKP and the D type Drinfeld-Sokolov hierarchies. With the help of the Hirota bilinear…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2016-05-04 Xu Gao , Chuanzhong Li , Jingsong He

Okounkov [36] proved a remarkable formula relating $n$-point GUE (Gaussian unitary ensemble) correlators of a fixed genus to Witten's intersection numbers of the same genus. The partition function of GUE correlators is a tau-function for…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-03-27 Di Yang

We show that the Garnier system in n-variables has affine Weyl group symmetry of type $B^{(1)}_{n+3}$. We also formulate the $\tau$ functions for the Garnier system (or the Schlesinger system of rank 2) on the root lattice $Q(C_{n+3})$ and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Takao Suzuki

We review the formalism of free fermions used for construction of tau-functions of classical integrable hierarchies and give a detailed derivation of group-like properties of the normally ordered exponents, transformations between different…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-09-25 Alexander Alexandrov , Anton Zabrodin

In this paper we study the addition formulae of the KP, the mKP and the BKP hierarchies. We prove that the total hierarchies are equivalent to the simplest equations of their addition formulae. In the case of the KP and the mKP hierarchies…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2013-04-24 Yoko Shigyo

Using the free fermions technique and non-abelian bosonization rules we introduce the multi-component Pfaff-Toda hierarchy. The tau-function is defined as vacuum expectation value of a Clifford group element of the algebra of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-11-17 A. Savchenko , A. Zabrodin

We introduce matching functions as a means of summing heavy-quark logarithms to any order. Our analysis is based on Witten's approach, where heavy quarks are decoupled one at a time in a mass-independent renormalization scheme. The outcome…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-03-26 S. D. Bass , R. J. Crewther , F. M. Steffens , A. W. Thomas

A new differential-recurrence relation for the B-spline functions of the same degree is proved. From this relation, a recursive method of computing the coefficients of B-spline functions of degree $m$ in the Bernstein-B\'{e}zier form is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-10-13 Filip Chudy , Paweł Woźny

In this short note we construct a simple cut-and-join operator representation for Kontsevich-Witten tau-function that is the partition function of the two-dimensional topological gravity. Our derivation is based on the Virasoro constraints.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-09-28 A. Alexandrov

We give a general method to compute the expansion of topological tau functions for Drinfeld-Sokolov hierarchies associated to an arbitrary untwisted affine Kac-Moody algebra. Our method consists of two main steps: first these tau functions…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-11-13 Mattia Cafasso , Chao-Zhong Wu

We derive bilinear tau forms of the canonically quantized Painlev\'e equations, thereby relating them to those previously obtained from the $\mathbb{C}^2/\mathbb{Z}_2$ blowup relations for the $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric gauge theory…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Giulio Bonelli , Anton Shchechkin , Alessandro Tanzini

We consider solvable matrix models. We generalize Harish-Chandra-Itzykson-Zuber and certain other integrals (Gross-Witten integral and integrals over complex matrices) using the notion of tau function of matrix argument. In this case one…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Yu. Orlov