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Quantum error mitigation techniques can reduce noise on current quantum hardware without the need for fault-tolerant quantum error correction. For instance, the quasiprobability method simulates a noise-free quantum computer using a noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-01 Christophe Piveteau , David Sutter , Stefan Woerner

Quantiles and expected shortfalls are usually used to measure risks of stochastic systems, which are often estimated by Monte Carlo methods. This paper focuses on the use of quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) method, whose convergence rate is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-05-07 Zhijian He , Xiaoqun Wang

We describe a number of strategies for minimizing and calculating accurately the statistical uncertainty in quantum Monte Carlo calculations. We investigate the impact of the sampling algorithm on the efficiency of the variational Monte…

Computational Physics · Physics 2012-02-14 R. M. Lee , G. J. Conduit , N. Nemec , P. Lopez Rios , N. D. Drummond

Quantum Error Mitigation (QEM) enables the extraction of high-quality results from the presently-available noisy quantum computers. In this approach, the effect of the noise on observables of interest can be mitigated using multiple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-23 Ivan Henao , Jader P. Santos , Raam Uzdin

Quantum error mitigation (QEM) provides a practical route for estimating reliable observables on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Traditional QEM strategies, including zero-noise extrapolation (ZNE) and Clifford data…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Huaxin Wang , Xinge Wu , Jiajun Liu , Ruiqing He , Jiandong Shang , Hengliang Guo , Qiang Chen

In the era of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, the number of controllable hardware qubits is insufficient to implement quantum error correction (QEC). As an alternative, quantum error mitigation (QEM) can suppress errors in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-02 Yuchen Guo , Shuo Yang

Expectation values of physical quantities may accurately be obtained by the evaluation of integrals within Many-Body Quantum mechanics, and these multi-dimensional integrals may be estimated using Monte Carlo methods. In a previous…

Computational Physics · Physics 2009-10-01 J. R. Trail

Typically, fault-tolerant operations and code concatenation are reserved for quantum error correction due to their resource overhead. Here, we show that fault tolerant operations have a large impact on the performance of symmetry based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-19 Alvin Gonzales , Anjala M Babu , Ji Liu , Zain Saleem , Mark Byrd

Quantum metrology stands as a leading application of quantum science and technology, yet noise often constrains its precision and sensitivity. In near-term quantum metrology, existing protocols largely depend on virtual state purification,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Xiaodie Lin , Haidong Yuan

Quantum error mitigation is expected to play a crucial role in the practical applications of quantum machines for the foreseeable future. Thus it is important to put the numerous quantum error mitigation schemes proposed under a coherent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-19 Zhenyu Cai

Quantum computing, with its potential to enhance various machine learning tasks, allows significant advancements in kernel calculation and model precision. Utilizing the one-class Support Vector Machine alongside a quantum kernel, known for…

The recently developed quantum circuit cutting technique greatly extends the capabilities of current noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) hardware. However, it introduces substantial overhead in both classical postprocessing and quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-05 Po-Hung Chen , Dah-Wei Chiou , Bo-Hung Chen , Jie-Hong Roland Jiang

Recent theoretical and experimental studies have suggested that quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulation can behave similarly to quantum annealing (QA). The theoretical analysis was based on calculating transition rates between local minima, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-29 Evgeny Andriyash , Mohammad H. Amin

The field of Quantum Machine Learning (QML) has emerged recently in the hopes of finding new machine learning protocols or exponential speedups for classical ones. Apart from problems with vanishing gradients and efficient encoding methods,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Hannah Helgesen , Michael Felsberg , Jan-Åke Larsson

Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) are relatively robust to noise, but errors are still a significant detriment to VQAs on near-term quantum machines. It is imperative to employ error mitigation techniques to improve VQA fidelity. While…

It is known that the estimating equations for quantile regression (QR) can be solved using an EM algorithm in which the M-step is computed via weighted least squares, with weights computed at the E-step as the expectation of independent…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-26 Haim Bar , James Booth , Martin T. Wells

Quasi-Monte Carlo sampling can attain far better accuracy than plain Monte Carlo sampling. However, with plain Monte Carlo sampling it is much easier to estimate the attained accuracy. This article describes methods old and new to quantify…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-16 Art B. Owen

Quantum computing promises advantages over classical computing in many problems. Nevertheless, noise in quantum devices prevents most quantum algorithms from achieving the quantum advantage. Quantum error mitigation provides a variety of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-17 Dayue Qin , Yanzhu Chen , Ying Li

Measurement error mitigation (MEM) techniques are postprocessing strategies to counteract systematic read-out errors on quantum computers (QC). Currently used MEM strategies face a tradeoff: methods that scale well with the number of qubits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-25 Siddarth Srinivasan , Bibek Pokharel , Gregory Quiroz , Byron Boots

Quantum volume is a single-number metric which, loosely speaking, reports the number of usable qubits on a quantum computer. While improvements to the underlying hardware are a direct means of increasing quantum volume, the metric is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-19 Ryan LaRose , Andrea Mari , Vincent Russo , Dan Strano , William J. Zeng