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X-ray imaging dose from serial cone-beam CT (CBCT) scans raises a clinical concern in most image guided radiation therapy procedures. It is the goal of this paper to develop a fast GPU-based algorithm to reconstruct high quality CBCT images…

Medical Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Xun Jia , Bin Dong , Yifei Lou , Steve B. Jiang

Regularized least-squares (kernel-ridge / Gaussian process) regression is a fundamental algorithm of statistics and machine learning. Because generic algorithms for the exact solution have cubic complexity in the number of datapoints, large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Simon Bartels , Philipp Hennig

In this work, the matrix-free solution of quasi-static phase-field fracture problems is further investigated. More specifically, we consider a quasi-monolithic formulation in which the irreversibility constraint is imposed with a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-27 Leon Maximilian Kolditz , Thomas Wick

An implementation of GMRES with multiple preconditioners (MPGMRES) is proposed for solving shifted linear systems with shift-and-invert preconditioners. With this type of preconditioner, the Krylov subspace can be built without requiring…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-03-31 Tania Bakhos , Peter Kitanidis , Scott Ladenheim , Arvind K. Saibaba , Daniel Szyld

Computed Tomography (CT) is a widely used technology that requires compute-intense algorithms for image reconstruction. We propose a novel back-projection algorithm that reduces the projection computation cost to 1/6 of the standard…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Peng Chen , Mohamed Wahib , Shinichiro Takizawa , Ryousei Takano , Satoshi Matsuoka

Feature-based image matching has extensive applications in computer vision. Keypoints detected in images can be naturally represented as graph structures, and Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been shown to outperform traditional deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Xianfeng Song , Yi Zou , Zheng Shi , Zheng Liu

Nowadays, many fields of study are have to deal with large and sparse data matrixes, but the most important issue is finding the inverse of these matrixes. Thankfully, Krylov subspace methods can be used in solving these types of problem.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-11-26 Shitao Fan

We propose a new iteratively reweighted least squares (IRLS) algorithm for the recovery of a matrix $X \in \mathbb{C}^{d_1\times d_2}$ of rank $r \ll\min(d_1,d_2)$ from incomplete linear observations, solving a sequence of low complexity…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-02-28 Christian Kümmerle , Juliane Sigl

A simple alternative to the conjugate gradient(CG) method is presented; this method is developed as a special case of the more general iterated Ritz method (IRM) for solving a system of linear equations. This novel algorithm is not based on…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2019-03-28 Josip Dvornik , Damir Lazarevic , Antonia Jaguljnjak Lazarevic , Marija Demsic

This is a review paper on some of the physics, modeling, and iterative algorithms in proton computed tomography (pCT) image reconstruction. The primary challenge in pCT image reconstruction lies in the degraded spatial resolution resulting…

Medical Physics · Physics 2015-10-30 Scott Penfold , Yair Censor

Computed Tomography (CT) reconstruction of objects with cylindrical symmetry can be performed with a single projection. When the measured rays are parallel, and the axis of symmetry is perpendicular to the optical axis, the data can be…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-10-15 Kyle M. Champley , Ibrahim Oksuz , Matthew G. Bisbee , Joseph W. Tringe , Brian Maddox

Recently, 3D Gaussian Splatting has emerged as a prominent research direction owing to its ultrarapid training speed and high-fidelity rendering capabilities. However, the unstructured and irregular nature of Gaussian point clouds poses…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Xiao Ren , Yu Liu , Ning An , Jian Cheng , Xin Qiao , He Kong

Residual smoothing techniques, which produce a smooth convergence behavior of linear iterative solvers, also form connections between different methods. For example, minimal residual smoothing can transform the residuals of the conjugate…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-09 Arisa Kawase , Kensuke Aihara

Computed Tomography (CT) is a prominent example of Imaging Inverse Problem highlighting the unrivaled performances of data-driven methods in degraded measurements setups like sparse X-ray projections. Although a significant proportion of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Thomas Braure , Delphine Lazaro , David Hateau , Vincent Brandon , Kévin Ginsburger

Recovering physical properties of objects in motion is a core task across scientific and industrial applications. When the relative motion between the object and the sensing apparatus provides sufficient angular coverage, Computerized…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Daniel Burrows , Can Evren Yarman , Ozan Öktem

For reconstruction of low-rank matrices from undersampled measurements, we develop an iterative algorithm based on least-squares estimation. While the algorithm can be used for any low-rank matrix, it is also capable of exploiting a-priori…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-06-13 Dave Zachariah , Martin Sundin , Magnus Jansson , Saikat Chatterjee

Computed tomography is a method for synthesizing volumetric or cross-sectional images of an object from a collection of projections. Popular reconstruction methods for computed tomography are based on idealized models and assumptions that…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-03-03 Frederik H. Pedersen , Jakob S. Jørgensen , Martin S. Andersen

We develop a novel randomized conjugate gradient least squares (RCGLS) method for solving least-squares problems, in which iterative sketching is employed at each step to reduce the dimension and hence the computational cost. In particular,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-26 Yun Zeng , Jian-Feng Cai , Deren Han , Jiaxin Xie

When reconstructing images from noisy measurements, such as in medical scans or scientific imaging, we face an inverse problem: recovering an unknown image from indirect, corrupted observations. These problems are typically ill-posed,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-17 Toluwani Okunola , Mirjeta Pasha , Misha E. Kilmer

Computed Tomography (CT) is a medical imaging modality that can generate more informative 3D images than 2D X-rays. However, this advantage comes at the expense of more radiation exposure, higher costs, and longer acquisition time. Hence,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-12 Shuangqin Cheng , Qingliang Chen , Qiyi Zhang , Ming Li , Yamuhanmode Alike , Kaile Su , Pengcheng Wen