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This paper introduces a Heisenberg picture approach to Matrix Product States (MPS), offering a rigorous yet intuitive framework to explore their structure and classification. MPS efficiently represent ground states of quantum many-body…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-03-11 Abdessatar Souissi , Amenallah Andolsi

Time-dependent density matrix renormalization group method with a matrix product ansatz is employed for explicit computation of non-equilibrium steady state density operators of several integrable and non-integrable quantum spin chains,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-06 Tomaz Prosen , Marko Znidaric

Tensor-network methods are used to perform a comparative study of the two-dimensional classical Heisenberg and $\mathrm{RP}^2$ models. We demonstrate that uniform matrix product states (MPS) with explicit $\mathrm{SO}(3)$ symmetry can probe…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-01-19 Lander Burgelman , Lukas Devos , Bram Vanhecke , Frank Verstraete , Laurens Vanderstraeten

Lattice models consisting of high-dimensional local degrees of freedom without global particle-number conservation constitute an important problem class in the field of strongly correlated quantum many-body systems. For instance, they are…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-10-04 Jan Stolpp , Thomas Köhler , Salvatore R. Manmana , Eric Jeckelmann , Fabian Heidrich-Meisner , Sebastian Paeckel

We compare the efficiency of different matrix product state (MPS) based methods for the calculation of two-time correlation functions in open quantum systems. The methods are the purification approach [1] and two approaches [2,3] based on…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-09-17 Stefan Wolff , Ameneh Sheikhan , Corinna Kollath

Simulating quantum many-body systems (QMBS) is one of the long-standing, highly non-trivial challenges in condensed matter physics and quantum information due to the exponentially growing size of the system's Hilbert space. To date, tensor…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-06 Belal Abouraya , Jirawat Saiphet , Fedor Jelezko , Ressa S. Said

We extend the formalism of Matrix Product States (MPS) to describe one-dimensional gapped systems of fermions with both unitary and anti-unitary symmetries. Additionally, systems with orientation-reversing spatial symmetries are considered.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-01-24 Alex Turzillo , Minyoung You

We show how to construct relevant families of matrix product operators in one and higher dimensions. Those form the building blocks for the numerical simulation methods based on matrix product states and projected entangled pair states. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-05-04 V. Murg , J. I. Cirac , B. Pirvu , F. Verstraete

An efficient algorithm for SU(2) symmetric matrix product states (MPS) with periodic boundary conditions (PBC) is proposed and implemented. It is applied to a study of the spectrum and correlation properties of the spin-1…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-08-24 Mykhailo V. Rakov , Michael Weyrauch

We construct exact steady states of unitary non-equilibrium time evolution in the gapless XXZ spin-1/2 chain where integrability preserves ballistic spin transport at long-times. We characterize the quasi-local conserved quantities…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-08-23 Andrea De Luca , Mario Collura , Jacopo De Nardis

By means of a variational calculation using Matrix Product States with periodic boundary conditions, we accurately determine the extension of the spin-supersolid phase predicted to exist in the spin-1 anisotropic Heisenberg chain. We…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2011-04-28 Davide Rossini , Vittorio Giovannetti , Rosario Fazio

We study a restricted class of correlator product states (CPS) for a spin-half chain in which each spin is contained in just two overlapping plaquettes. This class is also a restriction upon matrix product states (MPS) with local dimension…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-26 Vid Stojevic , Philip Crowley , Tanja Đurić , Callum Grey , Andrew Green

Relativistic continuous matrix product states (RCMPS) are a powerful variational ansatz for quantum field theories of a single field. However, they inherit a property of their non-relativistic counterpart that makes them divergent for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-27 Karan Tiwana , Antoine Tilloy

Matrix-product states have become the de facto standard for the representation of one-dimensional quantum many body states. During the last few years, numerous new methods have been introduced to evaluate the time evolution of a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-11-15 Sebastian Paeckel , Thomas Köhler , Andreas Swoboda , Salvatore R. Manmana , Ulrich Schollwöck , Claudius Hubig

Common wisdom says that the entanglement of fermionic systems can be low in the second quantization formalism but is extremely large in the first quantization. Hence Matrix Product State (MPS) methods based on moderate entanglement have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 Jheng-Wei Li , Xavier Waintal

An efficient and stable algorithm for U(1) symmetric matrix product states (MPS) with periodic boundary conditions (PBC) is proposed. It is applied to a study of correlation and entanglement properties of the eigenstates of the spin-1/2 XXZ…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-02-25 Mykhailo V. Rakov , Michael Weyrauch , Briiissuurs Braiorr-Orrs

We introduce a general model of stochastically generated matrix product states (MPS) in which the local tensors share a common distribution and form a strictly stationary sequence, without requiring spatial independence. Under natural…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Lubashan Pathirana , Albert H. Werner

Ultra-short pulses propagating in nonlinear nanophotonic waveguides can simultaneously leverage both temporal and spatial field confinement, promising a route towards single-photon nonlinearities in an all-photonic platform. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-05 Ryotatsu Yanagimoto , Edwin Ng , Logan G. Wright , Tatsuhiro Onodera , Hideo Mabuchi

We review the basic theory of matrix product states (MPS) as a numerical variational ansatz for time evolution, and present two methods to simulate finite temperature systems with MPS: the ancilla method and the minimally entangled typical…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2010-08-26 Michael L. Wall , Lincoln D. Carr

A systematic and compact treatment of arbitrary $su(2)$ invariant spin-$s$ quantum chains with nearest-neighbour interactions is presented. The ground-state is derived in terms of matrix product states (MPS). The fundamental MPS…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2016-08-24 Rubina Zadourian , Andreas Fledderjohann , Andreas Klümper