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The importance of Facebook advertising has risen dramatically in recent years, with the platform accounting for almost 20% of the global online ad spend in 2017. An important consideration in advertising is incrementality: how much of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-07-12 C. H. Bryan Liu , Elaine M. Bettaney , Benjamin Paul Chamberlain

Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs), or A/B testing, have become the gold standard for optimizing various operational policies on online platforms. However, RCTs on these platforms typically cover a limited number of discrete treatment…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-02-06 Zhiqi Zhang , Zhiyu Zeng , Ruohan Zhan , Dennis Zhang

The problem of measuring the true incremental effectiveness of a digital advertising campaign is of increasing importance to marketers. With a large and increasing percentage of digital advertising delivered via Demand-Side-Platforms (DSPs)…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-05-04 Prasad Chalasani , Ari Buchalter , Jaynth Thiagarajan , Ezra Winston

Accurately quantifying geo-level marketing lift in two-sided marketplaces is challenging: the Synthetic Control Method (SCM) often exhibits high power yet systematically under-estimates effect size, while panel-style Double Machine Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Sang Su Lee , Vineeth Loganathan , Vijay Raghavan

Web-scale ranking systems at Meta serving billions of users is complex. Improving ranking models is essential but engineering heavy. Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) can release engineers from labor intensive work of tuning ranking…

Survey researchers face two key challenges: the rising costs of probability samples and missing data (e.g., non-response or attrition), which can undermine inference and increase the use of convenience samples. Recent work explores using…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Tobias Holtdirk , Dennis Assenmacher , Arnim Bleier , Claudia Wagner

Many digital platforms offer advertisers experimentation tools like Meta's Lift and A/B tests to optimize their ad campaigns. Lift tests compare outcomes between users eligible to see ads versus users in a no-ad control group. In contrast,…

General Economics · Economics 2025-09-01 Gordon Burtch , Robert Moakler , Brett R. Gordon , Poppy Zhang , Shawndra Hill

Randomized experiments with treatment and control groups are an important tool to measure the impacts of interventions. However, in experimental settings with one-sided noncompliance extant empirical approaches may not produce the estimands…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-04-25 Caio Waisman , Brett R. Gordon

Modern computational advertising platforms typically rely on recommendation systems to predict user responses, such as click-through rates, conversion rates, and other optimization events. To support a wide variety of product surfaces and…

Deep metric learning (DML) is a popular approach for images retrieval, solving verification (same or not) problems and addressing open set classification. Arguably, the most common DML approach is with triplet loss, despite significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Istvan Fehervari , Avinash Ravichandran , Srikar Appalaraju

In large language models (LLM)-based recommendation systems (LLM-RSs), accurately predicting user preferences by leveraging the general knowledge of LLMs is possible without requiring extensive training data. By converting recommendation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Genki Kusano , Kosuke Akimoto , Kunihiro Takeoka

Recent regulatory initiatives like the European AI Act and relevant voices in the Machine Learning (ML) community stress the need to describe datasets along several key dimensions for trustworthy AI, such as the provenance processes and…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Joan Giner-Miguelez , Abel Gómez , Jordi Cabot

Covariate adjustment is widely recommended to improve statistical efficiency in randomized clinical trials (RCTs), yet empirical evidence comparing available strategies remains limited. This lack of real-world evaluation leaves unresolved…

Applications · Statistics 2026-02-03 Yulin Shao , Liangbo Lyu , Menggang Yu , Bingkai Wang

This paper aims to investigate the impact of interference in social network algorithms via user-bot interactions, focusing on the Stochastic Bounded Confidence Model (SBCM). This paper explores two approaches: positioning bots controlled by…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Farbod Siahkali , Saba Samadi , Hamed Kebriaei

Collaborative Metric Learning (CML) has recently emerged as a popular method in recommendation systems (RS), closing the gap between metric learning and collaborative filtering. Following the convention of RS, existing practices exploit…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Shilong Bao , Qianqian Xu , Zhiyong Yang , Yuan He , Xiaochun Cao , Qingming Huang

Online user-generated content platforms allocate billions of dollars of promotional traffic through algorithms in two-sided marketplaces. To evaluate updates to these algorithms, platforms frequently rely on creator-side randomized…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-03-10 Ruohan Zhan , Shichao Han , Yuchen Hu , Zhenling Jiang

In the last decade, machine learning techniques have gained popularity for estimating causal effects. One machine learning approach that can be used for estimating an average treatment effect is Double/debiased machine learning (DML)…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-01-17 Daniele Ballinari , Nora Bearth

Social media platforms like Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram have facilitated the spread of misinformation, necessitating automated detection systems. This systematic review evaluates 36 studies that apply machine learning (ML) and deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yunchong Liu , Xiaorui Shen , Yeyubei Zhang , Zhongyan Wang , Yexin Tian , Jianglai Dai , Yuchen Cao

Deep learning recommendation systems rely on feature interaction modules to model complex user-item relationships across sparse categorical and dense features. In large-scale ad ranking, increasing model capacity is a promising path to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Jiacheng Li , Yixiong Meng , Yi wu , Yun Zhao , Sharare Zehtabian , Jiayin Jin , Degao Peng , Jinfeng Zhuang , Qifei Shen , Kungang Li

Consumer research costs companies billions annually yet suffers from panel biases and limited scale. Large language models (LLMs) offer an alternative by simulating synthetic consumers, but produce unrealistic response distributions when…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Benjamin F. Maier , Ulf Aslak , Luca Fiaschi , Nina Rismal , Kemble Fletcher , Christian C. Luhmann , Robbie Dow , Kli Pappas , Thomas V. Wiecki
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