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The prediction of learning curves for Natural Language Processing (NLP) models enables informed decision-making to meet specific performance objectives, while reducing computational overhead and lowering the costs associated with dataset…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Viktoria Schram , Markus Hiller , Daniel Beck , Trevor Cohn

Global optimization of expensive, derivative-free black-box functions requires extreme sample efficiency. While Bayesian optimization (BO) is the current state-of-the-art, its performance hinges on surrogate and acquisition function…

Current methods for prompt learning in zeroshot scenarios widely rely on a development set with sufficient human-annotated data to select the best-performing prompt template a posteriori. This is not ideal because in a realworld zero-shot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Jinghui Lu , Dongsheng Zhu , Weidong Han , Rui Zhao , Brian Mac Namee , Fei Tan

Despite rapid progress in increasing the language coverage of automatic speech recognition, the field is still far from covering all languages with a known writing script. Recent work showed promising results with a zero-shot approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Jinming Zhao , Vineel Pratap , Michael Auli

Large language models (LLMs) have recently been shown to deliver impressive performance in various NLP tasks. To tackle multi-step reasoning tasks, few-shot chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting includes a few manually crafted step-by-step…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Lei Wang , Wanyu Xu , Yihuai Lan , Zhiqiang Hu , Yunshi Lan , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Ee-Peng Lim

Multitask prompted finetuning (MTF) has been shown to help large language models generalize to new tasks in a zero-shot setting, but so far explorations of MTF have focused on English data and models. We apply MTF to the pretrained…

The BLOOM model is a large publicly available multilingual language model, but its pretraining was limited to 46 languages. To extend the benefits of BLOOM to other languages without incurring prohibitively large costs, it is desirable to…

We investigate the emergent abilities of the recently proposed web-scale speech model Whisper, by adapting it to unseen tasks with prompt engineering. We selected three tasks: audio-visual speech recognition (AVSR), code-switched speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-17 Puyuan Peng , Brian Yan , Shinji Watanabe , David Harwath

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across diverse tasks and exhibited impressive reasoning abilities by applying zero-shot Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting. However, due to the evolving nature of sentence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Feihu Jin , Yifan Liu , Ying Tan

How can we extend a pre-trained model to many language understanding tasks, without labeled or additional unlabeled data? Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have been effective for a wide range of NLP tasks. However, existing approaches…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Xuandong Zhao , Siqi Ouyang , Zhiguo Yu , Ming Wu , Lei Li

Fine-tuning language models on tasks with instructions has demonstrated potential in facilitating zero-shot generalization to unseen tasks. In this paper, we introduce a straightforward yet effective method for enhancing instruction tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Qian Liu , Fan Zhou , Zhengbao Jiang , Longxu Dou , Min Lin

Offline zero-shot reinforcement learning (RL) aims to learn agents that optimize unseen reward functions without additional environment interaction. The standard approach to this problem trains task-conditioned policies by sampling task…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Nazim Bendib , Nicolas Perrin-Gilbert , Olivier Sigaud

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) is concerned with the recognition of previously unseen classes. It relies on additional semantic knowledge for which a mapping can be learned with training examples of seen classes. While classical ZSL considers the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-16 Yannick Le Cacheux , Hervé Le Borgne , Michel Crucianu

With the recent renaissance of deep convolution neural networks, encouraging breakthroughs have been achieved on the supervised recognition tasks, where each class has sufficient training data and fully annotated training data. However, to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-16 Yanwei Fu , Tao Xiang , Yu-Gang Jiang , Xiangyang Xue , Leonid Sigal , Shaogang Gong

Expanding pre-trained zero-shot counting models to handle unseen categories requires more than simply adding new prompts, as this approach does not achieve the necessary alignment between text and visual features for accurate counting. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Huilin Zhu , Senyao Li , Jingling Yuan , Zhengwei Yang , Yu Guo , Wenxuan Liu , Xian Zhong , Shengfeng He

In this paper, we study the problem of enabling a vision-based robotic manipulation system to generalize to novel tasks, a long-standing challenge in robot learning. We approach the challenge from an imitation learning perspective, aiming…

Pre-trained large language models can efficiently interpolate human-written prompts in a natural way. Multitask prompted learning can help generalization through a diverse set of tasks at once, thus enhancing the potential for more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-22 M Saiful Bari , Aston Zhang , Shuai Zheng , Xingjian Shi , Yi Zhu , Shafiq Joty , Mu Li

Prompt-based learning, with its capability to tackle zero-shot and few-shot NLP tasks, has gained much attention in community. The main idea is to bridge the gap between NLP downstream tasks and language modeling (LM), by mapping these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Yulong Chen , Yang Liu , Li Dong , Shuohang Wang , Chenguang Zhu , Michael Zeng , Yue Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities across various tasks, leveraging advanced reasoning. Yet, they struggle with task-oriented prompts due to a lack of specific prior knowledge of the task answers. The…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Chung-Yu Wang , Alireza DaghighFarsoodeh , Hung Viet Pham

Transformer-based methods have exhibited significant generalization ability when prompted with target-domain demonstrations or example solutions during inference. Although demonstrations, as a way of task specification, can capture rich…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Meng Song , Xuezhi Wang , Tanay Biradar , Yao Qin , Manmohan Chandraker