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Complex organic molecules (COMs) have been observed towards several low-mass young stellar objects (LYSOs). Small and heterogeneous samples have so far precluded conclusions on typical COM abundances, as well as the origin(s) of abundance…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-21 Jennifer B. Bergner , Karin I. Öberg , Robin T. Garrod , Dawn M. Graninger

We present the results of James Webb Space Telescope observations of the protostar ST6 in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) with the Medium Resolution Spectrograph of the Mid-Infrared Instrument (4.9-27.9 $\mu$m). Characterized by one-third…

Molecules reside broadly in the interstellar space and can be detected via spectroscopic observations. To date, more than 271 molecular species have been identified in interstellar medium or circumstellar envelopes. Molecular spectroscopic…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-09-27 Xin Liu , Fujun Du

The Outer Scutum-Centaurus (OSC) spiral arm is the most distant molecular spiral arm in the Milky Way, but until recently little was known about this structure. Discovered by Dame and Thaddeus (2011), the OSC lies $\sim$15 kpc from the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-06-21 W. P. Armentrout , L. D. Anderson , Dana S. Balser , T. M. Bania , T. M. Dame , Trey V. Wenger

We have conducted a mapping spectral line survey toward the Galactic giant molecular cloud W51 in the 3 mm band with the Mopra 22 m telescope in order to study an averaged chemical composition of the gas extended over a molecular cloud…

Observations are presented of emission lines from organic molecules at frequencies 32 - 50 GHz in the vicinity of Chamaeleon MMS1. This chemically-rich dense cloud core habours an extremely young, very low-luminosity protostellar object and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-30 Martin A. Cordiner , Steven B. Charnley , Eva S. Wirström , Robert G. Smith

Understanding whether prebiotic molecules can endure and reform through the energetic stages of star formation is essential for tracing the continuity of interstellar chemistry toward life. Glycolamide, an isomer of glycine, was recently…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-06 Chunguo Duan , Fengwei Xu , Qian Gou , Xuefang Xu , Donghui Quan , Laurent Pagani , Xi Chen , Jun Kang , Jiaxin Du

The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) has been observed by both the Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) in the mid-infrared and the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) in the near-infrared. We have performed a cross-correlation of the 1806 MSX…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 Michael P. Egan , Schuyler D. Van Dyk , Stephan D. Price

Growing evidence shows that most stars in the Milky Way, including the Sun, are born in high-mass star-forming regions, but due to both observational and theoretical challenges, our understanding of their chemical evolution is much less…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-19 Francesco Fontani , Maria Teresa Beltrán , Anton Vasyunin

We investigate molecular evolution in a star-forming core that is initially a hydrostatic starless core and collapses to form a low-mass protostar. The results of a one-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamics calculation are adopted as a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yuri Aikawa , Valentine Wakelam , Robin T. Garrod , Eric Herbst

Astrochemistry is a well-established multidisciplinary field devoted to study molecules in space. While most astrochemists are oriented to observe molecules in the gas phase and reproduce their abundances by modeling the physical conditions…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-10 Guillermo M. Muñoz Caro , Héctor Carrascosa de Lucas , Rafael Martín-Doménech

The results of a maser survey toward ninety-nine protostars in the Orion molecular cloud complex are presented. The target sources are low-mass protostars identified from infrared observations. Single-dish observations were carried out in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-17 Miju Kang , Jeong-Eun Lee , Minho Choi , Yunhee Choi , Kee-Tae Kim , James Di Francesco , Yong-Sun Park

This paper presents new APEX submillimetre molecular line observations of three low-mass protostars, IRS7A, IRS7B, and IRAS32, in the R Coronae Australis molecular cloud complex. The molecular excitation analysis is performed using a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 F. L. Schoeier , J. K. Jorgensen , K. M. Pontoppidan , A. A. Lundgren

Low mass star-forming regions are more complex than the simple spherically symmetric approximation that is often assumed. We apply a more realistic infall/outflow physical model to molecular/continuum observations of three late Class 0…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2013-08-26 J. M. C. Rawlings , M. P. Redman , P. B. Carolan

The presence of H3+ in the interstellar medium was forecast almost four decades ago. Almost three decades ago it was asserted that its reactions with neutral molecular and atomic species directly lead to the production of many of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 T. R. Geballe

Isomerism in complex organic molecules provides key insights into the formation mechanisms and physical conditions of the interstellar medium (ISM). Among the C$_2$H$_5$NO isomers, only acetamide and trans-N-methylformamide (trans-NMF) have…

Chemistry plays an important role in the structure and evolution of protoplanetary disks, with implications for the composition of comets and planets. This is the first of a series of papers based on data from DISCS, a Submillimeter Array…

The Orion Nebula Cluster and the molecular cloud in its vicinity have been observed with the ACIS-I detector on board the Chandra X-ray Observatory with 23 hours exposure. We detect 1075 X-ray sources: 91% are spatially associated with…

We report on the properties of pre-main-sequence objects in the Taurus molecular clouds as observed in 7 mid- and far-infrared bands with the Spitzer Space Telescope. There are 215 previously-identified members of the Taurus star-forming…

Class I protostars are a bridge between Class 0 protostars, and Class II protoplanetary disks. Recent studies show gaps and rings in the dust distribution of disks younger than 1 Myr, suggesting that planet formation may start already at…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-14 S. Mercimek , C. Codella , L. Podio , E. Bianchi , L. Chahine , M. Bouvier , A. Lopez-Sepulcre , R. Neri , C. Ceccarelli
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