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Related papers: Treatment Effect Risk: Bounds and Inference

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This article proposes a meta-learning method for estimating the conditional average treatment effect (CATE) from a few observational data. The proposed method learns how to estimate CATEs from multiple tasks and uses the knowledge for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-22 Tomoharu Iwata , Yoichi Chikahara

Randomization tests and flexible treatment-effect models offer complementary strengths for analyzing data from randomized panel experiments: the former provide valid inference under the known assignment mechanism, while the latter can…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-12 Fangnan Zheng , Yao Zhang

There has been growing attention on how to effectively and objectively use covariate information when the primary goal is to estimate the average treatment effect (ATE) in randomized clinical trials (RCTs). In this paper, we propose an…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-01 Yuanyao Tan , Xialing Wen , Wei Liang , Ying Yan

Individual treatment effect (ITE) estimation requires adjusting for the covariate shift between populations with different treatments, and deep representation learning has shown great promise in learning a balanced representation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Amirreza Kazemi , Martin Ester

We study the benign overfitting theory in the prediction of the conditional average treatment effect (CATE), with linear regression models. As the development of machine learning for causal inference, a wide range of large-scale models for…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-02-17 Masahiro Kato , Masaaki Imaizumi

When estimating causal effects, it is important to assess external validity, i.e., determine how useful a given study is to inform a practical question for a specific target population. One challenge is that the covariate distribution in…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-03 Zhenghao Zeng , Edward H. Kennedy , Lisa M. Bodnar , Ashley I. Naimi

The Average Treatment Effect on the Treated (ATT) is a common causal parameter defined as the average effect of a binary treatment among the subset of the population receiving treatment. We propose a novel family of parameters, Generalized…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-10-28 Herbert Susmann , Nicholas T. Williams , Kara E. Rudolph , Iván Díaz

Many applications of causal inference require using treatment effects estimated on a study population to make decisions in a separate target population. We consider the challenging setting where there are covariates that are observed in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Khurram Yamin , Vibhhu Sharma , Ed Kennedy , Bryan Wilder

In the presence of treatment effect heterogeneity, the average treatment effect (ATE) in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) may differ from the average effect of the same treatment if applied to a target population of interest. If all…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-05-02 Trang Quynh Nguyen , Cyrus Ebnesajjad , Stephen R. Cole , Elizabeth A. Stuart

This paper studies the identification of the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT) under unconfoundedness when covariate overlap is partial. A formal diagnostic is proposed to characterize empirical support -- the subset of the…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-06-11 Mengqi Li

I analyze treatment effects in situations when agents endogenously select into the treatment group and into the observed sample. As a theoretical contribution, I propose pointwise sharp bounds for the marginal treatment effect (MTE) of…

Econometrics · Economics 2019-04-19 Vitor Possebom

Two-phase sampling is a simple and cost-effective estimation strategy in survey sampling and is widely used in practice. Because the phase-2 sampling probability typically depends on low-cost variables collected at phase 1, naive estimation…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-11 Kazuharu Harada , Masataka Taguri

In cluster randomized controlled trials (CRCT) with a finite populations, the exact design-based variance of the Horvitz-Thompson (HT) estimator for the average treatment effect (ATE) depends on the joint distribution of unobserved…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-12-17 Yue Fang , Geert Ridder

Traditional causal inference approaches leverage observational study data to estimate the difference in observed and unobserved outcomes for a potential treatment, known as the Conditional Average Treatment Effect (CATE). However, CATE…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-09-22 Tianhui Zhou , William E Carson , David Carlson

In multi-site randomized trials with many sites and few randomization units per site, an Empirical-Bayes estimator can be used to estimate the variance of the treatment effect across sites. When this estimator indicates that treatment…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-12-12 Clément de Chaisemartin , Antoine Deeb

The average treatment effect (ATE) is a common parameter estimated in causal inference literature, but it is only defined for binary exposures. Thus, despite concerns raised by some researchers, many studies seeking to estimate the causal…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-06 Kaitlyn J. Lee , Alan Hubbard , Alejandro Schuler

A high-quality experimental dataset is often much smaller than a corresponding observational dataset. When this holds with possibly biased measurements of the outcome of interest in the latter, we propose an estimation and inference…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-19 Harrison H Li

This paper develops a performant Bayesian approach to conditional average treatment effect (CATE) estimation in regression discontinuity designs (RDD), an increasingly prevalent form of quasi-experiment that facilitates causal inference.…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-18 Rafael Alcantara , P. Richard Hahn , Hedibert F. Lopes

We consider the identification of average treatment effects on the treated (ATT) in difference-in-differences (DiD) settings in the presence of endogenous sample selection. We first establish that the conventional DiD estimand generally…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-02-17 Gayani Rathnayake , Akanksha Negi , Otavio Bartalotti , Xueyan Zhao

In recent years, precision treatment strategy have gained significant attention in medical research, particularly for patient care. We propose a novel framework for estimating conditional average treatment effects (CATE) in time-to-event…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-29 Runjia Li , Victor B. Talisa , Chung-Chou H. Chang