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Question answering (QA) has become a popular way for humans to access billion-scale knowledge bases. Unlike web search, QA over a knowledge base gives out accurate and concise results, provided that natural language questions can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-03-07 Wanyun Cui , Yanghua Xiao , Haixun Wang , Yangqiu Song , Seung-won Hwang , Wei Wang

Complex Knowledge Base Question Answering is a popular area of research in the past decade. Recent public datasets have led to encouraging results in this field, but are mostly limited to English and only involve a small number of question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-12 Jianyun Zou , Min Yang , Lichao Zhang , Yechen Xu , Qifan Pan , Fengqing Jiang , Ran Qin , Shushu Wang , Yifan He , Songfang Huang , Zhou Zhao

Complex question answering over knowledge base (Complex KBQA) is challenging because it requires various compositional reasoning capabilities, such as multi-hop inference, attribute comparison, set operation. Existing benchmarks have some…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-24 Shulin Cao , Jiaxin Shi , Liangming Pan , Lunyiu Nie , Yutong Xiang , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li , Bin He , Hanwang Zhang

Answering complex questions over textual resources remains a challenge, particularly when dealing with nuanced relationships between multiple entities expressed within natural-language sentences. To this end, curated knowledge bases (KBs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Jingjing Xu , Maria Biryukov , Martin Theobald , Vinu Ellampallil Venugopal

Question answering on knowledge bases (KBQA) poses a unique challenge for semantic parsing research due to two intertwined challenges: large search space and ambiguities in schema linking. Conventional ranking-based KBQA models, which rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Yu Gu , Yu Su

Knowledge base question answering (KBQA) aims to answer a question over a knowledge base (KB). Recently, a large number of studies focus on semantically or syntactically complicated questions. In this paper, we elaborately summarize the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Yunshi Lan , Gaole He , Jinhao Jiang , Jing Jiang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

The temporal aspect is a significant dimension of our reality. We notice the challenge that large language models (LLMs) face when engaging in temporal reasoning. Our preliminary experiments show that methods involving the generation of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Xingxuan Li , Liying Cheng , Qingyu Tan , Hwee Tou Ng , Shafiq Joty , Lidong Bing

Knowledge base question answering (KBQA) aims to answer user questions in natural language using rich human knowledge stored in large KBs. As current KBQA methods struggle with unseen knowledge base elements at test time,we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Shengxiang Gao , Jey Han Lau , Jianzhong Qi

Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA) challenges models to bridge the gap between natural language and strict knowledge graph schemas by generating executable logical forms. While Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced this field,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Xin Sun , Zhongqi Chen , Xing Zheng , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Bowen Song , Zilei Wang , Weiqiang Wang , Liang Wang

Question Answering over Temporal Knowledge Graphs (TKGQA) has attracted growing interest for handling time-sensitive queries. However, existing methods still struggle with: 1) weak incorporation of temporal constraints in question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Wuzhenghong Wen , Bowen Zhou , Jinwen Huang , Xianjie Wu , Yuwei Sun , Su Pan , Liang Li , Jianting Liu

The ability of reasoning over evidence has received increasing attention in question answering (QA). Recently, natural language database (NLDB) conducts complex QA in knowledge base with textual evidences rather than structured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Minjun Zhu , Yixuan Weng , Shizhu He , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

Temporal tabular question answering presents a significant challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs), requiring robust reasoning over structured data, which is a task where traditional prompting methods often fall short. These methods face…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Atharv Kulkarni , Kushagra Dixit , Vivek Srikumar , Dan Roth , Vivek Gupta

It is often challenging to solve a complex problem from scratch, but much easier if we can access other similar problems with their solutions -- a paradigm known as case-based reasoning (CBR). We propose a neuro-symbolic CBR approach…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Rajarshi Das , Manzil Zaheer , Dung Thai , Ameya Godbole , Ethan Perez , Jay-Yoon Lee , Lizhen Tan , Lazaros Polymenakos , Andrew McCallum

Multi-hop Knowledge Base Question Answering(KBQA) aims to find the answer entity in a knowledge graph (KG), which requires multiple steps of reasoning. Existing retrieval-based approaches solve this task by concentrating on the specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Haowei Du , Quzhe Huang , Chen Li , Chen Zhang , Yang Li , Dongyan Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated immense advances in a wide range of natural language tasks. However, these models are susceptible to hallucinations and errors on particularly temporal understanding tasks involving multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Alexandru Dumitru , V Venktesh , Adam Jatowt , Avishek Anand

We introduce ChronoQA, a large-scale benchmark dataset for Chinese question answering, specifically designed to evaluate temporal reasoning in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems. ChronoQA is constructed from over 300,000 news…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Ziyang Chen , Erxue Min , Xiang Zhao , Yunxin Li , Xin Jia , Jinzhi Liao , Jichao Li , Shuaiqiang Wang , Baotian Hu , Dawei Yin

Question Answering (QA) over Knowledge Base (KB) aims to automatically answer natural language questions via well-structured relation information between entities stored in knowledge bases. In order to make KBQA more applicable in actual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Bin Fu , Yunqi Qiu , Chengguang Tang , Yang Li , Haiyang Yu , Jian Sun

Temporal question answering is an established method for evaluating temporal reasoning in large language models. Expected answers are often numeric (e.g., dates or durations), yet model responses are evaluated like regular text with exact…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Auss Abbood , Zaiqiao Meng , Nigel Collier

Large language models (LLMs) have shown nearly saturated performance on many natural language processing (NLP) tasks. As a result, it is natural for people to believe that LLMs have also mastered abilities such as time understanding and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yifan Wei , Yisong Su , Huanhuan Ma , Xiaoyan Yu , Fangyu Lei , Yuanzhe Zhang , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Question answering over knowledge bases (KBQA) aims to answer factoid questions with a given knowledge base (KB). Due to the large scale of KB, annotated data is impossible to cover all fact schemas in KB, which poses a challenge to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Chuanyuan Tan , Yuehe Chen , Wenbiao Shao , Wenliang Chen