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Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are being used to search for very low frequency gravitational waves. A gravitational wave signal appears in pulsar timing residuals through two components: one independent of and one dependent on the pulsar's…
The Chinese Pulsar Timing Array (CPTA) has collected observations from 57 millisecond pulsars using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST) for close to three years, for the purpose of searching for gravitational…
Increasingly sophisticated programmable quantum simulators and quantum computers are opening unprecedented opportunities for exploring and exploiting the properties of highly entangled complex quantum systems. The complexity of large…
Random numbers are a valuable commodity in gaming and gambling, simulation, conventional and quantum cryptography, and in non-conventional computing schemes such as stochastic computing. We propose to generate a random bit using a position…
Randomness is an indispensable resource in modern science and information technology. Fortunately, an experimentally simple procedure exists to generate randomness with well-characterized devices: measuring a quantum system in a basis…
Randomness plays a vital role in numerous applications, including simulation, cryptography, distributed systems, and gaming. Consequently, extensive research has been conducted to generate randomness. One such method is to design a…
This work shows how a secure Internet for users A and B can be implemented through a fast key distribution system that uses physical noise to encrypt information transmitted in deterministic form. Starting from a shared secret random…
We propose a new approach to nondeterministic random number generation. In theory, the randomness originated from the uncorrelated nature of consecutive laser pulses with Poissonian photon number distribution and that of the consecutive…
Pulsar timing is a technique that uses the highly stable spin periods of neutron stars to investigate a wide range of topics in physics and astrophysics. Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) use sets of extremely well-timed pulsars as a Galaxy-scale…
Pulse profile modelling is a relativistic ray-tracing technique that can be used to infer masses, radii and geometric parameters of neutron stars. In a previous study, we looked at the performance of this technique when applied to…
Successful implementations of quantum technologies require protocols and algorithms that use as few quantum resources as possible. However, many important quantum operations, such as continuous rotation gates in quantum computing or…
Pulsars provide a wealth of information about General Relativity, the equation of state of superdense matter, relativistic particle acceleration in high magnetic fields, the Galaxy's interstellar medium and magnetic field, stellar and…
Ensembles of random density matrices determined by various probability measures are analysed. A simple and efficient algorithm to generate at random density matrices distributed according to the Bures measure is proposed. This procedure may…
We report upon a novel principle for realization of a fast nondeterministic random number generator whose randomness relies on intrinsic randomness of the quantum physical processes of photonic emission in semiconductors and subsequent…
By regularly monitoring the most stable millisecond pulsars over many years, pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are positioned to detect and study correlations in the timing behaviour of those pulsars. Gravitational waves (GWs) from supermassive…
Quantum computers are now on the brink of outperforming their classical counterparts. One way to demonstrate the advantage of quantum computation is through quantum random sampling performed on quantum computing devices. However, existing…
Pulsars are the only cosmic radio sources known to be sufficiently compact to show diffractive interstellar scintillations. Images of the variance of radio signals in both time and frequency can be used to detect pulsars in large-scale…
Transient gravitational waves (aka gravitational wave bursts) within the nanohertz frequency band could be generated by a variety of astrophysical phenomena such as the encounter of supermassive black holes, the kinks or cusps in cosmic…
In the last decade, the use of an ensemble of radio pulsars to constrain the characteristic strain caused by a stochastic gravitational wave background has advanced the cause of detection of very low frequency gravitational waves…
Recent years have seen a burgeoning interest in using pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) as gravitational-wave (GW) detectors. To date, that interest has focused mainly on three particularly promising source types: supermassive--black-hole…