Related papers: Perturbing Subshifts of Finite Type

In the framework of the AdS/CFT correspondence, imposing a scalar field in the bulk space-time leads to deform the corresponding CFT in the boundary, which may produce corrections to entanglement entropy, as well as the so-called subregion…

In this paper we calculate the metric and folding entropies for a family of non-invertible symbolic dynamical systems $(\Sigma_{m_-,m_+}, \sigma_\phi)$ which generalizes the standard bilateral Bernoulli shifts. The space $\Sigma_{m_-,m_+}$…

We prove that every infinite minimal subshift with word complexity $p(q)$ satisfying $\limsup p(q)/q < 3/2$ is measure-theoretically isomorphic to its maximal equicontinuous factor; in particular, it has measurably discrete spectrum. Among…

Many real applications problems can be encoded easily as quantified formulas in SMT. However, this simplicity comes at the cost of difficulty during solving by SMT solvers. Different strategies and quantifier instantiation techniques have…

In this paper we show that the following problem is NP-complete: Given an alphabet $\Sigma$ and two strings over $\Sigma$, the question is whether there exists a permutation of $\Sigma$ which is a subsequence of both of the given strings.

In this paper, we study the Hilbert$-$Schmidt frame (HS-frame) theory for separable Hilbert spaces. We first present some characterizations of HS-frames and prove that HS-frames share many important properties with frames. Then, we show how…

An infinite word x is said to be quasiperiodic if there exists a finite word q such that x is covered by occurrences of q (such a q is called a quasiperiod of x). Using the notion of derivation, we show that this definition is not…

Let $(X_{A},\sigma_{A})$ be a shift of finite type and $\text{Aut}(\sigma_{A})$ its corresponding automorphism group. Associated to $\phi \in \text{Aut}(\sigma_{A})$ are certain Lyapunov exponents $\alpha^{-}(\phi), \alpha^{+}(\phi)$ which…

We investigate quantifier alternation hierarchies in first-order logic on finite words. Levels in these hierarchies are defined by counting the number of quantifier alternations in formulas. We prove that one can decide membership of a…

Let $S_n$ be the symmetric group on the set $[n]:=\{1,2,\ldots,n\}$. Given a permutation $\sigma=\sigma_1\sigma_2 \cdots \sigma_n \in S_n$, we say it has a descent at index $i$ if $\sigma_i>\sigma_{i+1}$. Let $\mathcal{D}(\sigma)$ be the…

We study the parametrized complexity of fundamental relations between multidimensional subshifts, such as equality, conjugacy, inclusion, and embedding, for subshifts of finite type (SFTs) and effective subshifts. We build on previous work…

This note establishes that if a sequence $P_n, n=1,\ldots$ of probability measures converges in total variation to the limiting probability measure $P$, and $\sigma$-algebras $\mathbb{A}$ and $\mathbb{B}$ are conditionally independent given…

Supersymmetric $\sigma$-models obtained by constraining linear supersymmetric field theories are ill defined. Well defined subsectors parametrising Kahler manifolds exist but are not believed to arise directly from constrained linear ones.…

Universal quantifiers occur frequently in proof obligations produced by program verifiers, for instance, to axiomatize uninterpreted functions and to express properties of arrays. SMT-based verifiers typically reason about them via…

We discuss interference in the limit $\hat{m}_{W}^2/s \rightarrow 0$ in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). Dimension six operators that contribute to $\bar{\psi} \psi \rightarrow \bar{\psi'}_1 \psi_2' \bar{\psi'}_3 \psi'_4$…

In this paper we consider the following problems: how many different subsets of Sigma^n can occur as set of all length-n factors of a finite word? If a subset is representable, how long a word do we need to represent it? How many such…

We consider the relative entropy between vacuum states of two different theories: a conformal field theory (CFT), and the CFT perturbed by a relevant operator. By restricting both states to the null Cauchy surface in the causal domain of a…

Entanglement entropy for spatial subregions is difficult to define in string theory because of the extended nature of strings. Here we propose a definition for Bosonic open strings using the framework of string field theory. The key…

Relative entropy is a non-negative quantity and offers a powerful means of achieving a unified understanding of fundamental properties in physics, including the second law of thermodynamics and positivity bounds on effective field theories…

In this brief note we calculate the entanglement entropy in $M^{\otimes N}/S_N$ symmetric orbifold CFTs in the presence of topological defects, which were recently constructed in \cite{Gutperle:2024vyp,Knighton:2024noc}. We consider both…