Related papers: Vector calculus in two-dimensional space

This short report establishes some basic properties of smooth vector fields on product manifolds. The main results are: (i) On a product manifold there always exists a direct sum decomposition into horizontal and vertical vector fields.…

This part of the series is devoted to the generalization of exterior differential calculus. I give definition to the integral of a five-vector form over a limited space-time volume of appropriate dimension; extend the notion of the exterior…

Monotone vector fields were introduced almost 40 years ago as nonlinear extensions of positive definite linear operators, but also as natural extensions of gradients of convex potentials. These vector fields are not always derived from…

An algorithm is given for computing explicit formulas for the generators of relations among the invariant rational functions for vector-valued bilinear forms. These formulas have applications in the geometry of Riemannian submanifolds and…

The purpose of this paper is to explore, in a space of four-dimensions, the possible forms that second-order, bi-scalar-vector-tensor field equations derivable from a variational principle can assume. In order to restrict this enormous…

An alternative organization for Differential and Integral Calculus, based on an extension of real numbers that include infinitesimal and infinite quantities, is presented. Only Elementary Set Theory is used, without reference to methods or…

We develop differential calculus and gauge theory on a finite set G. An elegant formulation is obtained when G is supplied with a group structure and in particular for a cyclic group. Connes' two-point model (which is an essential…

A general theory of vector-valued modular functions, holomorphic in the upper half-plane, is presented for finite dimensional representations of the modular group. This also provides a description of vector-valued modular forms of arbitrary…

We classify the three-dimensional representations of the modular group that are reducible but indecomposable, and their associated spaces of holomorphic vector-valued modular forms. We then demonstrate how such representations may be…

We investigate metric projections and distance functions referring to convex bodies in finite-dimensional normed spaces. For this purpose we identify the vector space with its dual space by using, instead of the usual identification via the…

We introduce a rotation-invariant representation of planar shapes. In particular, this representation encodes shapes as vectors such that the Euclidean distance between them serves as a valid shape distance. For standardized, star-shaped…

The space of polynomials in two real variables with values in a 2-dimensional irreducible module of a dihedral group is studied as a standard module for Dunkl operators. The one-parameter case is considered (omitting the two-parameter case…

We prove a result on the convex dependence of solutions of ordinary differential equations on an ordered finite-dimensional real vector space with respect to the initial data.

The theory of contractions of multivectors, and star duality, was reorganized in a previous article, and here we present some applications. First, we study inner and outer spaces associated to a general multivector $M$ via the equations $v…

Higher-order tensors appear in various areas of mechanics as well as physics, medicine or earth sciences. As these tensors are highly complex, most are not well understood. Thus, the analysis and the visualization process form a highly…

Variational calculus on a vector bundle E equipped with a structure of a general algebroid is developed, together with the corresponding analogs of Euler-Lagrange equations. Constrained systems are introduced in the variational and in the…

We introduce fractional flat space, described by a continuous geometry with constant non-integer Hausdorff and spectral dimensions. This is the analogue of Euclidean space, but with anomalous scaling and diffusion properties. The basic tool…

We present here a product between vectors and scalars that mixes them within their own space, using imaginaries to describe geometric products between vectors as complex vectors, rather than introducing higher order/dimensional vector…

Mathematics is an essential element of physics problem solving, but experts often fail to appreciate exactly how they use it. Math may be the language of science, but math-in-physics is a distinct dialect of that language. Physicists tend…

In this note, we provide a important considerations of a familiar topic: the gradient of a vector field. The gradient of a vector field is a common quantity represented in continuum mechanics. However, even for Cartesian coordinate systems,…