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Recently, there has been substantial interest in clustering research that takes a beyond worst-case approach to the analysis of algorithms. The typical idea is to design a clustering algorithm that outputs a near-optimal solution, provided…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-12-31 Maria-Florina Balcan , Colin White

The learning of mixture models can be viewed as a clustering problem. Indeed, given data samples independently generated from a mixture of distributions, we often would like to find the {\it correct target clustering} of the samples…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-26 Zhaoqiang Liu , Vincent Y. F. Tan

This work presents a unified framework that combines global approximations with locally built models to handle challenging nonconvex and nonsmooth composite optimization problems, including cases involving extended real-valued functions. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-19 Welington de Oliveira , Johannes O. Royset

This paper considers a canonical clustering problem where one receives unlabeled samples drawn from a balanced mixture of two elliptical distributions and aims for a classifier to estimate the labels. Many popular methods including PCA and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-30 Kaizheng Wang , Yuling Yan , Mateo Díaz

A novel formulation of the clustering problem is introduced in which the task is expressed as an estimation problem, where the object to be estimated is a function which maps a point to its distribution of cluster membership. Unlike…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 David P. Hofmeyr

Combinatorial optimization problems for clustering are known to be NP-hard. Most optimization methods are not able to find the global optimum solution for all datasets. To solve this problem, we propose a global optimal path-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-18 Qidong Liu , Ruisheng Zhang

Convex clustering is a well-regarded clustering method, resembling the similar centroid-based approach of Lloyd's $k$-means, without requiring a predefined cluster count. It starts with each data point as its centroid and iteratively merges…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-15 Shubhayan Pan , Kushal Bose , Debolina Paul , Saptarshi Chakraborty , Swagatam Das

Although numerous clustering algorithms have been developed, many existing methods still leverage k-means technique to detect clusters of data points. However, the performance of k-means heavily depends on the estimation of centers of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Quanxue Gao , Qianqian Wang , Han Lu , Wei Xia , Xinbo Gao

K-means (MacQueen, 1967) [1] is one of the simplest unsupervised learning algorithms that solve the well-known clustering problem. The procedure follows a simple and easy way to classify a given data set to a predefined, say K number of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-23 Srikanta Kolay , Kumar Sankar Ray , Abhoy Chand Mondal

Spectral clustering has become one of the most widely used clustering techniques when the structure of the individual clusters is non-convex or highly anisotropic. Yet, despite its immense popularity, there exists fairly little theory about…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-16 Shuyang Ling , Thomas Strohmer

When approaching a clustering problem, choosing the right clustering algorithm and parameters is essential, as each clustering algorithm is proficient at finding clusters of a particular nature. Due to the unsupervised nature of clustering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-26 Elizabeth Ditton , Anne Swinbourne , Trina Myers , Mitchell Scovell

We study federated clustering, where interconnected devices collaboratively cluster the data points of private local datasets. Focusing on hard clustering via the k-means principle, we formulate federated k-means as an instance of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Xu Yang , Salvatore Rastelli , Alexander Jung

Many clustering algorithms exist that estimate a cluster centroid, such as K-means, K-medoids or mean-shift, but no algorithm seems to exist that clusters data by returning exactly K meaningful modes. We propose a natural definition of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-04-25 Miguel Á. Carreira-Perpiñán , Weiran Wang

Clustering is a cornerstone of data analysis that is particularly suited to identifying coherent subgroups or substructures in unlabeled data, as are generated continuously in large amounts these days. However, in many cases traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Jonathan Scott , Christoph H. Lampert , David Saulpic

We address the problem of simultaneously learning a k-means clustering and deep feature representation from unlabelled data, which is of interest due to the potential of deep k-means to outperform traditional two-step feature extraction and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-18 Boyan Gao , Yongxin Yang , Henry Gouk , Timothy M. Hospedales

Centroid based clustering methods such as k-means, k-medoids and k-centers are heavily applied as a go-to tool in exploratory data analysis. In many cases, those methods are used to obtain representative centroids of the data manifold for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Ahmed Imtiaz Humayun , Randall Balestriero , Anastasios Kyrillidis , Richard Baraniuk

Clustering is a fundamental problem in unsupervised learning. Popular methods like K-means, may suffer from poor performance as they are prone to get stuck in its local minima. Recently, the sum-of-norms (SON) model (also known as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-08 Defeng Sun , Kim-Chuan Toh , Yancheng Yuan

The $k$-center problem is to choose a subset of size $k$ from a set of $n$ points such that the maximum distance from each point to its nearest center is minimized. Let $Q=\{Q_1,\ldots,Q_n\}$ be a set of polygons or segments in the…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Vahideh Keikha , Sepideh Aghamolaei , Ali Mohades , Mohammad Ghodsi

K-means is a classical clustering algorithm with wide applications. However, soft K-means, or fuzzy c-means at m=1, remains unsolved since 1981. To address this challenging open problem, we propose a novel clustering model, i.e.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Yujian Li , Bowen Liu , Zhaoying Liu , Ting Zhang

Quantum computing is a promising paradigm based on quantum theory for performing fast computations. Quantum algorithms are expected to surpass their classical counterparts in terms of computational complexity for certain tasks, including…