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Reinforcement Learning (RL) enables an intelligent agent to optimise its performance in a task by continuously taking action from an observed state and receiving a feedback from the environment in form of rewards. RL typically uses tables…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Alberto Castagna

Energy optimization leveraging artificially intelligent algorithms has been proven effective. However, when buildings are commissioned, there is no historical data that could be used to train these algorithms. On-line Reinforcement Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Mikhail Genkin , J. J. McArthur

We study a game between liquidity provider and liquidity taker agents interacting in an over-the-counter market, for which the typical example is foreign exchange. We show how a suitable design of parameterized families of reward functions…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Nelson Vadori , Leo Ardon , Sumitra Ganesh , Thomas Spooner , Selim Amrouni , Jared Vann , Mengda Xu , Zeyu Zheng , Tucker Balch , Manuela Veloso

We introduce the first end-to-end Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) based framework for active high frequency trading in the stock market. We train DRL agents to trade one unit of Intel Corporation stock by employing the Proximal Policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Antonio Briola , Jeremy Turiel , Riccardo Marcaccioli , Alvaro Cauderan , Tomaso Aste

Reinforcement learning agents have demonstrated remarkable achievements in simulated environments. Data efficiency poses an impediment to carrying this success over to real environments. The design of data-efficient agents calls for a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Xiuyuan Lu , Benjamin Van Roy , Vikranth Dwaracherla , Morteza Ibrahimi , Ian Osband , Zheng Wen

The inputs and preferences of human users are important considerations in situations where these users interact with autonomous cyber or cyber-physical systems. In these scenarios, one is often interested in aligning behaviors of the system…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Bhaskar Ramasubramanian , Luyao Niu , Andrew Clark , Radha Poovendran

We present ProgAgent, a continual reinforcement learning (CRL) agent that unifies progress-aware reward learning with a high-throughput, JAX-native system architecture. Lifelong robotic learning grapples with catastrophic forgetting and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jinzhou Tan , Gabriel Adineera , Jinoh Kim

Dynamic portfolio optimization is the process of sequentially allocating wealth to a collection of assets in some consecutive trading periods, based on investors' return-risk profile. Automating this process with machine learning remains a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-28 Pengqian Yu , Joon Sern Lee , Ilya Kulyatin , Zekun Shi , Sakyasingha Dasgupta

We adopt Deep Reinforcement Learning algorithms to design trading strategies for continuous futures contracts. Both discrete and continuous action spaces are considered and volatility scaling is incorporated to create reward functions which…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2019-11-25 Zihao Zhang , Stefan Zohren , Stephen Roberts

An automatic program that generates constant profit from the financial market is lucrative for every market practitioner. Recent advance in deep reinforcement learning provides a framework toward end-to-end training of such trading agent.…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2018-07-10 Chien Yi Huang

Reinforcement learning has enjoyed multiple successes in recent years. However, these successes typically require very large amounts of data before an agent achieves acceptable performance. This paper introduces a novel way of combating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-05-14 Zhaodong Wang , Matthew E. Taylor

This work focuses on the dynamic hedging of financial derivatives, where a reinforcement learning algorithm is designed to minimize the variance of the delta hedging process. In contrast to previous research in this area, we apply…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-21 Cong Zheng , Jiafa He , Can Yang

Traffic flow prediction is an important part of smart transportation. The goal is to predict future traffic conditions based on historical data recorded by sensors and the traffic network. As the city continues to build, parts of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-12-27 Yanan Xiao , Minyu Liu , Zichen Zhang , Lu Jiang , Minghao Yin , Jianan Wang

Traditional approaches in offline reinforcement learning aim to learn the optimal policy that maximizes the cumulative reward, also known as return. It is increasingly important to adjust the performance of AI agents to meet human…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Tsunehiko Tanaka , Kenshi Abe , Kaito Ariu , Tetsuro Morimura , Edgar Simo-Serra

Portfolio management is the decision-making process of allocating an amount of fund into different financial investment products. Cryptocurrencies are electronic and decentralized alternatives to government-issued money, with Bitcoin as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-05-12 Zhengyao Jiang , Jinjun Liang

Despite advances in artificial intelligence-enhanced trading methods, developing a profitable automated trading system remains challenging in the rapidly evolving cryptocurrency market. This research focuses on developing a reinforcement…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Rasoul Amirzadeh , Dhananjay Thiruvady , Asef Nazari , Mong Shan Ee

This paper proposes a Deep Reinforcement Learning algorithm for financial portfolio trading based on Deep Q-learning. The algorithm is capable of trading high-dimensional portfolios from cross-sectional datasets of any size which may…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2021-12-10 Uta Pigorsch , Sebastian Schäfer

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have enabled understanding webpage contexts, product details, and human instructions. Utilizing LLMs as the foundational architecture for either reward models or policies in reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Shuang Feng , Grace Feng

Trading markets represent a real-world financial application to deploy reinforcement learning agents, however, they carry hard fundamental challenges such as high variance and costly exploration. Moreover, markets are inherently a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Yue Gao , Kry Yik Chau Lui , Pablo Hernandez-Leal

LLM agents are promising tools for empirical discovery, but their flexibility can also turn discovery into uncontrolled search. We study how to use agents under a reproducible protocol through cryptocurrency factor discovery. Our framework…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2026-04-30 Yikuan Huang , Zheqi Fan , Kaiqi Hu , Yifan Ye