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It is fundamental for science and technology to be able to predict chemical reactions and their properties. To achieve such skills, it is important to develop good representations of chemical reactions, or good deep learning architectures…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Mohammadamin Tavakoli , Alexander Shmakov , Francesco Ceccarelli , Pierre Baldi

Graph rewrite systems are powerful tools to model and study complex problems in various fields of research. Their successful application to chemical reaction modelling on a molecular level was shown but no appropriate and simple system is…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2013-04-05 Martin Mann , Heinz Ekker , Christoph Flamm

Graph Transformers (GTs) have demonstrated a strong capability in modeling graph structures by addressing the intrinsic limitations of graph neural networks (GNNs), such as over-smoothing and over-squashing. Recent studies have proposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Chaohao Yuan , Kangfei Zhao , Ercan Engin Kuruoglu , Liang Wang , Tingyang Xu , Wenbing Huang , Deli Zhao , Hong Cheng , Yu Rong

We view molecular optimization as a graph-to-graph translation problem. The goal is to learn to map from one molecular graph to another with better properties based on an available corpus of paired molecules. Since molecules can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-30 Wengong Jin , Kevin Yang , Regina Barzilay , Tommi Jaakkola

Graphs are widespread data structures used to model a wide variety of problems. The sheer amount of data to be processed has prompted the creation of a myriad of systems that help us cope with massive scale graphs. The pressure to deliver…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2014-10-09 Luis M. Vaquero , Felix Cuadrado , Matei Ripeanu

Drug Discovery is a fundamental and ever-evolving field of research. The design of new candidate molecules requires large amounts of time and money, and computational methods are being increasingly employed to cut these costs. Machine…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-05-28 Pietro Bongini , Monica Bianchini , Franco Scarselli

Graphs are common mathematical structures that are visual and intuitive. They constitute a natural and seamless way for system modelling in science, engineering and beyond, including computer science, biology, business process modelling,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-12-03 Berthold Hoffmann , Mark Minas

Representing molecular structures effectively in chemistry remains a challenging task. Language models and graph-based models are extensively utilized within this domain, consistently achieving state-of-the-art results across an array of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Nikolai Rekut , Alexey Orlov , Klea Ziu , Elizaveta Starykh , Martin Takac , Aleksandr Beznosikov

Molecular representation learning (MRL) is a key step to build the connection between machine learning and chemical science. In particular, it encodes molecules as numerical vectors preserving the molecular structures and features, on top…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-11-30 Zhichun Guo , Kehan Guo , Bozhao Nan , Yijun Tian , Roshni G. Iyer , Yihong Ma , Olaf Wiest , Xiangliang Zhang , Wei Wang , Chuxu Zhang , Nitesh V. Chawla

Large graphs can be found in a wide array of scientific fields ranging from sociology and biology to scientometrics and computer science. Their analysis is by no means a trivial task due to their sheer size and complex structure. Such…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-02-24 Georgios Drakopoulos , Stavros Kontopoulos , Christos Makris , Vasileios Megalooikonomou

Nowadays the development of new functional materials/chemical compounds using machine learning (ML) techniques is a hot topic and includes several crucial steps, one of which is the choice of chemical structure representation. Classical…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-06-11 Vadim Korolev , Artem Mitrofanov , Alexandru Korotcov , Valery Tkachenko

Designing molecular structures with desired chemical properties is an essential task in drug discovery and material design. However, finding molecules with the optimized desired properties is still a challenging task due to combinatorial…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-02-02 Masatsugu Yamada , Mahito Sugiyama

Graph pattern matching is often defined in terms of subgraph isomorphism, an NP-complete problem. To lower its complexity, various extensions of graph simulation have been considered instead. These extensions allow pattern matching to be…

Databases · Computer Science 2012-01-04 Shuai Ma , Yang Cao , Wenfei Fan , Jinpeng Huai , Tianyu Wo

Graphs are used in many disciplines to model the relationships that exist between objects in a complex discrete system. Researchers may wish to compare a network of interest to a "typical" graph from a family (or ensemble) of graphs which…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-08 Catherine Greenhill

Many real-world and artificial systems and processes can be represented as graphs. Some examples of such systems include social networks, financial transactions, supply chains, and molecular structures. In many of these cases, one needs to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Ashkan Dehghan , Paweł Prałat , François Théberge

Graph generation generally aims to create new graphs that closely align with a specific graph distribution. Existing works often implicitly capture this distribution through the optimization of generators, potentially overlooking the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Song Wang , Zhen Tan , Xinyu Zhao , Tianlong Chen , Huan Liu , Jundong Li

Generating novel graph structures that optimize given objectives while obeying some given underlying rules is fundamental for chemistry, biology and social science research. This is especially important in the task of molecular graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Jiaxuan You , Bowen Liu , Rex Ying , Vijay Pande , Jure Leskovec

For the investigation of chemical reaction networks, the efficient and accurate determination of all relevant intermediates and elementary reactions is mandatory. The complexity of such a network may grow rapidly, in particular if reactive…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2016-01-08 Maike Bergeler , Gregor N. Simm , Jonny Proppe , Markus Reiher

Timely detected anomalies in the chemical technological processes, as well as the earliest detection of the cause of the fault, significantly reduce the production cost in the industrial factories. Data on the state of the technological…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Alexander Kovalenko , Vitaliy Pozdnyakov , Ilya Makarov

Chemical reaction networks (CRNs) provide a convenient language for modelling a broad variety of biological systems. These models are commonly studied with respect to the time series they generate in deterministic or stochastic simulations.…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2019-07-11 Ozan Kahramanoğulları