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Learning distribution families over $\mathbb{R}^d$ is a fundamental problem in unsupervised learning and statistics. A central question in this setting is whether a given family of distributions possesses sufficient structure to be (at…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-10 Arefe Boushehrian , Amir Najafi

We consider the classical problem of discrete distribution estimation using i.i.d. samples in a novel scenario where additional side information is available on the distribution. In large alphabet datasets such as text corpora, such side…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Haricharan Balasundaram , Andrew Thangaraj

If the prior probability distributions of all possible hypothetical true means and all possible observed means of a continuous variable are conditional on the universal set of all numbers (i.e., before the nature of a study is known and a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-05 Huw Llewelyn

We investigate distribution testing with access to non-adaptive conditional samples. In the conditional sampling model, the algorithm is given the following access to a distribution: it submits a query set $S$ to an oracle, which returns a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Gautam Kamath , Christos Tzamos

In this paper, we find a sample complexity bound for learning a simplex from noisy samples. Assume a dataset of size $n$ is given which includes i.i.d. samples drawn from a uniform distribution over an unknown simplex in $\mathbb{R}^K$,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-02 Amir Hossein Saberi , Amir Najafi , Seyed Abolfazl Motahari , Babak H. Khalaj

Despite extensive research spanning several decades, class imbalance is still considered a profound difficulty for both machine learning and deep learning models. While data oversampling is the foremost technique to address this issue,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Sukumar Kishanthan , Asela Hevapathige

Probabilistic mixture models have been widely used for different machine learning and pattern recognition tasks such as clustering, dimensionality reduction, and classification. In this paper, we focus on trying to solve the most common…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Gustavo A Valencia-Zapata , Daniel Mejia , Gerhard Klimeck , Michael Zentner , Okan Ersoy

Intuitively, unfamiliarity should lead to lack of confidence. In reality, current algorithms often make highly confident yet wrong predictions when faced with relevant but unfamiliar examples. A classifier we trained to recognize gender is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-09 Zhizhong Li , Derek Hoiem

We investigate a Poisson sampling design in the presence of unknown selection probabilities when applied to a population of unknown size for multiple sampling occasions. The fixed-population model is adopted and extended upon for inference.…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-30 Kyle Vincent , Saman Muthukumarana

There are many real-world classification problems wherein the issue of data imbalance (the case when a data set contains substantially more samples for one/many classes than the rest) is unavoidable. While under-sampling the problematic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-09 John McKay , Isaac Gerg , Vishal Monga

Non-probability sampling, for example in the form of online panels, has become a fast and cheap method to collect data. While reliable inference tools are available for classical probability samples, non-probability samples can yield…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-05 Gerhard Tutz

Statistical learning theory chiefly studies restricted hypothesis classes, particularly those with finite Vapnik-Chervonenkis (VC) dimension. The fundamental quantity of interest is the sample complexity: the number of samples required to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2008-07-10 David Soloveichik

The purpose of writing this book is to suggest some improved estimators using auxiliary information in sampling schemes like simple random sampling and systematic sampling. This volume is a collection of five papers. The following problems…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-08-28 Rajesh Singh , Florentin Smarandache

Diffusion models have become the most popular approach to deep generative modeling of images, largely due to their empirical performance and reliability. From a theoretical standpoint, a number of recent works have studied the iteration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Shivam Gupta , Aditya Parulekar , Eric Price , Zhiyang Xun

Sampling is a fundamental problem in computer science and statistics. However, for a given task and stream, it is often not possible to choose good sampling probabilities in advance. We derive a general framework for adaptively changing the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-16 Daniel Ting

Diffusion-based generative models demonstrate state-of-the-art performance across various image synthesis tasks, yet their tendency to replicate and amplify dataset biases remains poorly understood. Although previous research has viewed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Nathan Roos , Ekaterina Iakovleva , Ani Gjergji , Vito Paolo Pastore , Enzo Tartaglione

Complex systems are fascinating because their rich macroscopic properties emerge from the interaction of many simple parts. Understanding the building principles of these emergent phenomena in nature requires assessing natural complex…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-11-17 Anna Levina , Viola Priesemann , Johannes Zierenberg

In this work, we revisit the problem of uniformity testing of discrete probability distributions. A fundamental problem in distribution testing, testing uniformity over a known domain has been addressed over a significant line of works, and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-08-17 Tuğkan Batu , Clément L. Canonne

For many machine learning problems, data is abundant and it may be prohibitive to make multiple passes through the full training set. In this context, we investigate strategies for dynamically increasing the effective sample size, when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-10-10 Hadi Daneshmand , Aurelien Lucchi , Thomas Hofmann

Social and real-world considerations such as robustness, fairness, social welfare and multi-agent tradeoffs have given rise to multi-distribution learning paradigms, such as collaborative learning, group distributionally robust…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Nika Haghtalab , Michael I. Jordan , Eric Zhao