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In this VERTICO science paper we aim to study how the star formation process depends on galactic environment and gravitational interactions in the context of galaxy evolution. We explore the scaling relation between the star formation rate…

Star-forming galaxies display a close relation among stellar mass, metallicity and star-formation rate (or molecular-gas mass). This is known as the fundamental metallicity relation (FMR) (or molecular-gas FMR), and it has a profound…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-12-07 Tetsuya Hashimoto , Tomotsugu Goto , Rieko Momose

The Kennicutt-Schmidt (KS) relationship between the surface density of the star formation rate (SFR) and the gas surface density has three distinct power laws that may result from one model in which gas collapses at a fixed fraction of the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-02-21 Bruce G. Elmegreen

The specific star formation rate (sSFR) is commonly used to describe the level of galaxy star formation (SF) and to select quenched galaxies. However, being a relative measure of the young-to-old population, an ambiguity in its…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-10-19 Samir Salim , Sandro Tacchella , Chandler Osborne , S. M. Faber , Janice C. Lee , Sara L. Ellison

Star formation (SF) in the interstellar medium (ISM) is fundamental to understanding galaxy evolution and planet formation. However, efforts to develop closed-form analytic expressions that link SF with key influencing physical variables,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-05-09 Diane M. Salim , Matthew E. Orr , Blakesley Burkhart , Rachel S. Somerville , Miles Cramner

We present observational evidence for a stellar Fundamental Metallicity Relation (FMR), a smooth relation between stellar mass, star-formation rate (SFR) and the light-weighted stellar metallicity of galaxies (analogous to the…

We investigate the correlation between star formation rate (SFR) surface density and gas surface density (known as the Kennicutt-Schmidt, KS, relation) at kiloparsec (kpc) scales across cosmic time ($0\le z \le 8$) for galaxies with stellar…

One of the most important and well-established empirical results in astronomy is the Kennicutt-Schmidt (KS) relation between the density of interstellar gas and the rate at which that gas forms stars. A tight correlation between these…

The Schmidt law (SF law) in the Milky Way was investigated using 3D distribution maps of HII regions, HI and molecular (\Htwo) gases with spatial resolutions of $\sim 1$ kpc in the Galactic plane and a few tens of pc in the vertical…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-02-01 Yoshiaki Sofue , Hiroyuki Nakanishi

We investigate the star-formation rate (SFR) and stellar mass ($M_*$) relation of a star-forming (SF) galaxy sample in the XMM-LSS field to $z\sim 3.0$ using the near-infrared data from the VISTA Deep Extragalactic Observations (VIDEO)…

Several studies have reported a nearly linear correlation between the molecular gas and star formation rate surface density, the so-called Kennicutt-Schmidt (KS) law. We aim to retrieve the KS relation for a sample of four star-forming…

We present a spatially resolved analysis of the molecular star formation law (SFL) and gravitational instability in a sample of nearby dwarf galaxies (NGC 1035, NGC 4310, NGC 4451, NGC 4701, NGC 5692, and NGC 6106), using high-resolution…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-27 Kijeong Yim , Soo-Chang Rey

We study the connection between the observed star formation rate-stellar mass (SFR-$M_*$) relation and the evolution of the stellar mass function (SMF) by means of a Subhalo Abundance Matching technique coupled to merger trees extracted…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-03-08 E. Contini , X. Kang , A. D. Romeo , Q. Xia

Exploiting a sample of 680 star-forming galaxies from the Padova-Millennium GalaxyGroup Catalog (PM2GC) (Calvi et al. 2011) in the range 0.038<z<0.104, we present a detailed analysis of the Star Formation Rate (SFR)-stellar mass (M_star)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-09-26 R. Calvi , B. Vulcani , B. M. Poggianti , A. Moretti , J. Fritz , G. Fasano

[Abridged] In recent years, conflicting results have provided an uncertain view of the dust-attenuated properties of $z>4$ star-forming galaxies (SFGs). To solve this, we used the deepest data publicly available in COSMOS to build a…

We present first results from the KMOS Redshift One Spectroscopic Survey (KROSS), an ongoing large kinematical survey of a thousand, z~1 star forming galaxies, with VLT KMOS. Out of the targeted galaxies (~500 so far), we detect and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-01-27 Georgios E. Magdis , M. Bureau , J. P. Stott , A. Tiley , A. M. Swinbank , R. Bower , A. J. Bunker , M. Jarvis , H. Johnson , R. Sharples

We report the discovery of a well-defined correlation between B-band face-on central optical depth due to dust, \tau^f_B, and the stellar mass surface density, \mu_{*}, of nearby (z < 0.13) spiral galaxies: log(\tau^f_B) =…

Recent statistical analysis of two extragalactic observational surveys strongly indicate a sublinear Kennicutt-Schmidt (KS) relationship between the star formation rate (Sigsfr) and molecular gas surface density (Sigmol). Here, we consider…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-19 Rahul Shetty , Paul C. Clark , Ralf S. Klessen

Star formation is one of the key factors that shapes galaxies. This process is relatively well understood from both simulations and observations on a small "local" scale of individual giant molecular clouds and also on a "global"…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-07-15 Charles Aouad , Philip James , Igor Chilingarian

We investigate the correlation between stellar mass (M*) and star formation rate (SFR) across the stellar mass range log10(M*/Msun)~6-11. We consider almost 50,000 star-forming galaxies at z~3-7, leveraging data from COSMOS/SMUVS,…