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Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) methods help to understand the internal mechanism of machine learning models and how they reach a specific decision or made a specific action. The list of informative features is one of the most…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Ahmed M Salih

With artificial intelligence (AI) embedded in many everyday software systems, effectively and reliably developing and maintaining AI systems becomes an essential skill for software developers. However, the complexity inherent to AI poses…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Thomas Weber

Black-box nature of Artificial Intelligence (AI) models do not allow users to comprehend and sometimes trust the output created by such model. In AI applications, where not only the results but also the decision paths to the results are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Ibrahim Kok , Feyza Yildirim Okay , Ozgecan Muyanli , Suat Ozdemir

Explainable AI (XAI) aims to make AI systems more transparent, yet many practices emphasise mathematical rigour over practical user needs. We propose an alternative to this model-centric approach by following a design thinking process for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Elisa Nguyen , Johannes Bertram , Evgenii Kortukov , Jean Y. Song , Seong Joon Oh

AI is becoming increasingly common across different domains. However, as sophisticated AI-based systems are often black-boxed, rendering the decision-making logic opaque, users find it challenging to comply with their recommendations.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Niklas Kühl , Christian Meske , Maximilian Nitsche , Jodie Lobana

Previous research in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) suggests that a main aim of explainability approaches is to satisfy specific interests, goals, expectations, needs, and demands regarding artificial systems (we call these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Markus Langer , Daniel Oster , Timo Speith , Holger Hermanns , Lena Kästner , Eva Schmidt , Andreas Sesing , Kevin Baum

EXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to help users to grasp the reasoning behind the predictions of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) system. Many XAI approaches have emerged in recent years. Consequently, a subfield related to the…

Artificial intelligence (AI) is currently based largely on black-box machine learning models which lack interpretability. The field of eXplainable AI (XAI) strives to address this major concern, being critical in high-stakes areas such as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Sean Tull , Robin Lorenz , Stephen Clark , Ilyas Khan , Bob Coecke

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) methods are intended to help human users better understand the decision making of an AI agent. However, many modern XAI approaches are unintuitive to end users, particularly those without prior AI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-09 Faraz Khadivpour , Arghasree Banerjee , Matthew Guzdial

Explainable AI (XAI) has established itself as an important component of AI-driven interactive systems. With Augmented Reality (AR) becoming more integrated in daily lives, the role of XAI also becomes essential in AR because end-users will…

Both humans and machine learning models learn from experience, particularly in safety- and reliability-critical domains. While psychology seeks to understand human cognition, the field of Explainable AI (XAI) develops methods to interpret…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Roussel Rahman , Aashwin Ananda Mishra , Wan-Lin Hu

With the advances of AI research, AI has been increasingly adopted in numerous domains, ranging from low-stakes daily tasks such as movie recommendations to high-stakes tasks such as medicine, and criminal justice decision-making.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Shuai Ma

Despite the proliferation of explainable AI (XAI) methods, little is understood about end-users' explainability needs and behaviors around XAI explanations. To address this gap and contribute to understanding how explainability can support…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Sunnie S. Y. Kim , Elizabeth Anne Watkins , Olga Russakovsky , Ruth Fong , Andrés Monroy-Hernández

Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly machine learning and deep learning models, has significantly impacted bioinformatics research by offering powerful tools for analyzing complex biological data. However, the lack of interpretability…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Zhongliang Zhou , Mengxuan Hu , Mariah Salcedo , Nathan Gravel , Wayland Yeung , Aarya Venkat , Dongliang Guo , Jielu Zhang , Natarajan Kannan , Sheng Li

The use of wearables in medicine and wellness, enabled by AI-based models, offers tremendous potential for real-time monitoring and interpretable event detection. Explainable AI (XAI) is required to assess what models have learned and build…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-16 Maurice Kuschel , Solveig Vieluf , Claus Reinsberger , Tobias Loddenkemper , Tanuj Hasija

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) aims to make machine learning models transparent and trustworthy, yet most current approaches communicate explanations visually or through text. This paper introduces an information theoretic…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Mona Rajhans , Vishal Khawarey

Explainable AI (XAI) is frequently positioned as a technical problem of revealing the inner workings of an AI model. This position is affected by unexamined onto-epistemological assumptions: meaning is treated as immanent to the model, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Fabio Morreale , Joan Serrà , Yuki Mitsufuji

In this survey, we address the key challenges in Large Language Models (LLM) research, focusing on the importance of interpretability. Driven by increasing interest from AI and business sectors, we highlight the need for transparency in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Erik Cambria , Lorenzo Malandri , Fabio Mercorio , Navid Nobani , Andrea Seveso

According to the latest trend of artificial intelligence, AI-systems needs to clarify regarding general,specific decisions,services provided by it. Only consumer is satisfied, with explanation , for example, why any classification result is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Rossi Kamal

Explainable AI (XAI) in creative contexts can go beyond transparency to support artistic engagement, modifiability, and sustained practice. While curated datasets and training human-scale models can offer artists greater agency and control,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Ahmed M. Abuzuraiq , Philippe Pasquier
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