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In overparametrized models, the noise in stochastic gradient descent (SGD) implicitly regularizes the optimization trajectory and determines which local minimum SGD converges to. Motivated by empirical studies that demonstrate that training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Alex Damian , Tengyu Ma , Jason D. Lee

In this paper, we characterize the noise of stochastic gradients and analyze the noise-induced dynamics during training deep neural networks by gradient-based optimizers. Specifically, we firstly show that the stochastic gradient noise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-22 Yixin Wu , Rui Luo , Chen Zhang , Jun Wang , Yaodong Yang

In this note, we consider appropriately regularized $\ell_2-$empirical risk of depth $2$ nets with any number of gates and show bounds on how the empirical loss evolves for SGD iterates on it -- for arbitrary data and if the activation is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Pulkit Gopalani , Anirbit Mukherjee

Pairwise learning includes various machine learning tasks, with ranking and metric learning serving as the primary representatives. While randomized coordinate descent (RCD) is popular in various learning problems, there is much less…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Liang Wu , Ruixi Hu , Yunwen Lei

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is commonly modeled as a Langevin process, assuming that minibatch noise acts as Brownian motion. However, this approximation relies on a continuous-time limit and a sqrt(eta) noise scaling that does not…

Deep linear networks (DLNs) are used as an analytically tractable model of the training dynamics of deep neural networks. While gradient descent in DLNs is known to exhibit saddle-to-saddle dynamics, the impact of stochastic gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Guillaume Corlouer , Avi Semler , Alexander Strang , Alexander Gietelink Oldenziel

In this paper, we study the self-normalized Cram\'er-type moderate deviation of the empirical measure of the stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics (SGLD). Consequently, we also derive the Berry-Esseen bound for SGLD. Our approach is by…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-04 Hongsheng Dai , Xiequan Fan , Jianya Lu

Antibiotic resistance monitoring is of paramount importance in the face of this on-going global epidemic. Deep learning models trained with traditional optimization algorithms (e.g. Adam, SGD) provide poor posterior estimates when tested…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2018-11-28 Md-Nafiz Hamid , Iddo Friedberg

We propose data-dependent uniform generalization bounds by approaching the problem from a PAC-Bayesian perspective. We first apply the PAC-Bayesian framework on "random sets" in a rigorous way, where the training algorithm is assumed to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-11 Benjamin Dupuis , Paul Viallard , George Deligiannidis , Umut Simsekli

There is an increasing realization that algorithmic inductive biases are central in preventing overfitting; empirically, we often see a benign overfitting phenomenon in overparameterized settings for natural learning algorithms, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Difan Zou , Jingfeng Wu , Vladimir Braverman , Quanquan Gu , Sham M. Kakade

Recently, some mixture algorithms of pointwise and pairwise learning (PPL) have been formulated by employing the hybrid error metric of "pointwise loss + pairwise loss" and have shown empirical effectiveness on feature selection, ranking…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Jiahuan Wang , Jun Chen , Hong Chen , Bin Gu , Weifu Li , Xin Tang

Minimax optimization is gaining increasing attention in modern machine learning applications. Driven by large-scale models and massive volumes of data collected from edge devices, as well as the concern to preserve client privacy,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Miaoxi Zhu , Yan Sun , Li Shen , Bo Du , Dacheng Tao

This paper provides a finite-sample analysis of a passive stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics (PSGLD) algorithm. This algorithm is designed to achieve adaptive inverse reinforcement learning (IRL). Adaptive IRL aims to estimate the cost…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-16 Luke Snow , Vikram Krishnamurthy

This paper develops asymptotic theory for quantile estimation via stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with a constant learning rate. The quantile loss function is neither smooth nor strongly convex. Beyond conventional perspectives and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-06 Ziyang Wei , Jiaqi Li , Likai Chen , Wei Biao Wu

Stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics (SGLD) is a computationally efficient sampler for Bayesian posterior inference given a large scale dataset. Although SGLD is designed for unbounded random variables, many practical models incorporate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-21 Soma Yokoi , Takuma Otsuka , Issei Sato

We consider a class of stochastic smooth convex optimization problems under rather general assumptions on the noise in the stochastic gradient observation. As opposed to the classical problem setting in which the variance of noise is…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-23 Sasila Ilandarideva , Anatoli Juditsky , Guanghui Lan , Tianjiao Li

We discuss stability for a class of learning algorithms with respect to noisy labels. The algorithms we consider are for regression, and they involve the minimization of regularized risk functionals, such as L(f) := 1/N sum_i…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Cynthia Rudin

We prove quantitative convergence rates at which discrete Langevin-like processes converge to the invariant distribution of a related stochastic differential equation. We study the setup where the additive noise can be non-Gaussian and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-20 Xiang Cheng , Dong Yin , Peter L. Bartlett , Michael I. Jordan

We analyse the privacy leakage of noisy stochastic gradient descent by modeling R\'enyi divergence dynamics with Langevin diffusions. Inspired by recent work on non-stochastic algorithms, we derive similar desirable properties in the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-08 Théo Ryffel , Francis Bach , David Pointcheval

The convergence of Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) using convex loss functions has been widely studied. However, vanilla SGD methods using convex losses cannot perform well with noisy labels, which adversely affect the update of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-06 Bo Han , Ivor W. Tsang , Ling Chen