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A weighted graph $G$ with countable vertex set is bounded if there is an upper bound on the maximum of the sum of absolute values of all edge weights incident to a vertex in $G$. In this paper, we prove a fundamental result on equitable…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-08 Chris Godsil , Steve Kirkland , Sarojini Mohapatra , Hermie Monterde , Hiranmoy Pal

Quantum state transfer within a quantum computer can be achieved by using a network of qubits, and such a network can be modelled mathematically by a graph. Here, we focus on the corresponding Laplacian matrix, and those graphs for which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-28 Nathaniel Johnston , Steve Kirkland , Sarah Plosker , Rebecca Storey , Xiaohong Zhang

Quantum state transfer, first introduced by Bose in 2003, is an important physical phenomenon in quantum networks, which plays a vital role in quantum communication and quantum computing. In 2004, Christandl et al. proposed the concept of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-24 Ming Jiang , Xiaogang Liu , Jing Wang

A duality between the properties of many spinor bosons on a regular lattice and those of a single particle on a weighted graph reveals that a quantum particle can traverse an infinite hierarchy of networks with perfect probability in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 David L. Feder

In this paper we study quantum state transfer (also called quantum tunneling) on graphs when there is a potential function on the vertex set. We present two main results. First, we show that for paths of length greater than three, there is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-11 Mark Kempton , Gabor Lippner , Shing-Tung Yau

Perfect quantum state transfer is achievable in different settings, including linear qubit chains, bi-dimensional arrays, ladders, etc. The most studied case contemplates transferring arbitrary one-qubit pure states in systems with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-06 Pablo Serra , Alejandro Ferrón , Omar Osenda

Quantum walks, an important tool in quantum computing, have been very successfully investigated using techniques in algebraic graph theory. We are motivated by the study of state transfer in continuous-time quantum walks, which is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-09 Chris Godsil , Krystal Guo , Mark Kempton , Gabor Lippner

We quantify the effect of weighted loops at the source and target nodes of a graph on the strength of quantum state transfer between these vertices. We give lower bounds on loop weights that guarantee strong transfer fidelity that works for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-02 Gabor Lippner , Yujia Shi

We construct infinite families of graphs in which pretty good state transfer can be induced by adding a potential to the nodes of the graph (i.e. adding a number to a diagonal entry of the adjacency matrix). Indeed, we show that given any…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-04-06 Or Eisenberg , Mark Kempton , Gabor Lippner

Using graphs with clusters, we provide a unified approach for constructing graphs with pair state transfer-relative to the adjacency, Laplacian, and signless Laplacian matrix-between the same pair of states at the same time, despite being…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-29 Hermie Monterde , Hiranmoy Pal

Let $G$ be a graph with adjacency matrix $A$. The transition matrix of $G$ relative to $A$ is defined by $H(t):=\exp{\left(-itA\right)},\;t\in\Rl$. The graph $G$ is said to admit pretty good state transfer between a pair of vertices $u$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-08 Hiranmoy Pal , Bikash Bhattacharjya

Pure states correspond to one-dimensional subspaces of $\mathbb{C}^n$ represented by unit vectors. In this paper, we develop the theory of perfect state transfer (PST) between real pure states with emphasis on the adjacency and Laplacian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-13 Chris Godsil , Stephen Kirkland , Hermie Monterde

Previously it was shown that (almost) perfect state transfer can be achieved on the complete bipartite graph by a discrete-time coined quantum walk based algorithm when both the sender and receiver vertices are in the same partition of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-09 R. A. M. Santos

Perfect (quantum) state transfer has been proved to be an effective model for quantum information processing. In this paper, we give a characterization of cubelike graphs having perfect edge state transfer. By using a lifting technique, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-31 Xiwang Cao

A continuous-time quantum walk on a graph $X$ is represented by the complex matrix $\exp (-\mathrm{i} t A)$, where $A$ is the adjacency matrix of $X$ and $t$ is a non-negative time. If the graph models a network of interacting qubits,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-05-24 Gabriel Coutinho , Chris Godsil

A continuous-time quantum walk on a graph $G$ is given by the unitary matrix $U(t) = \exp(-itA)$, where $A$ is the Hermitian adjacency matrix of $G$. We say $G$ has pretty good state transfer between vertices $a$ and $b$ if for any…

Perfect state transfer and fractional revival can be used to move information between pairs of vertices in a quantum network. While perfect state transfer has received a lot of attention, fractional revival is newer and less studied. One…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-14 Chris Godsil , Xiaohong Zhang

We study perfect state transfer of quantum walks on signed graphs. Our aim is to show that negative edges are useful for perfect state transfer. Specific results we prove include: (1) The signed join of a negative 2-clique with any positive…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-01-17 J. Brown , C. Godsil , D. Mallory , A. Raz , C. Tamon

We investigate fractional revival in graphs with respect to the adjacency, Laplacian, and signless Laplacian matrices. We observe that, under certain conditions, fractional revival is preserved under graph complementation. Then we establish…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-19 Sarojini Mohapatra , Hiranmoy Pal

Let $G$ be a graph with adjacency matrix $A$. The transition matrix of $G$ relative to $A$ is defined by $H_{A}(t):=\exp{(-itA)},\;t\in\Rl$. We say that the graph $G$ admits perfect state transfer between the verteices $u$ and $v$ at…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-08 Hiranmoy Pal , Bikash Bhattacharjya