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Knowledge Graph (KG) is a flexible structure that is able to describe the complex relationship between data entities. Currently, most KG embedding models are trained based on negative sampling, i.e., the model aims to maximize some…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Zelong Li , Jianchao Ji , Zuohui Fu , Yingqiang Ge , Shuyuan Xu , Chong Chen , Yongfeng Zhang

Knowledge graph embedding (KGE) models encode the structural information of knowledge graphs to predicting new links. Effective training of these models requires distinguishing between positive and negative samples with high precision.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Makoto Takamoto , Daniel Oñoro-Rubio , Wiem Ben Rim , Takashi Maruyama , Bhushan Kotnis

Knowledge graphs represent information as structured triples and serve as the backbone for a wide range of applications, including question answering, link prediction, and recommendation systems. A prominent line of research for exploring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Rita T. Sousa , Heiko Paulheim

Knowledge Graph Representation Learning (KGRL), or Knowledge Graph Embedding (KGE), is essential for AI applications such as knowledge construction and information retrieval. These models encode entities and relations into lower-dimensional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Tiroshan Madushanka , Ryutaro Ichise

Knowledge Graph Embedding models have become an important area of machine learning.Those models provide a latent representation of entities and relations in a knowledge graph which can then be used in downstream machine learning tasks such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Md Rashad Al Hasan Rony , Mirza Mohtashim Alam , Semab Ali , Jens Lehmann , Sahar Vahdati

Knowledge Graph (KG) completion is an important task that greatly benefits knowledge discovery in many fields (e.g. biomedical research). In recent years, learning KG embeddings to perform this task has received considerable attention.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-01 Adil Bahaj , Safae Lhazmir , Mounir Ghogho

The problem of knowledge graph (KG) reasoning has been widely explored by traditional rule-based systems and more recently by knowledge graph embedding methods. While logical rules can capture deterministic behavior in a KG they are brittle…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Susheel Suresh , Jennifer Neville

Knowledge Graph (KG) embedding is a fundamental problem in data mining research with many real-world applications. It aims to encode the entities and relations in the graph into low dimensional vector space, which can be used for subsequent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Yongqi Zhang , Quanming Yao , Yingxia Shao , Lei Chen

Knowledge graphs (KGs) have become the core backbone of numerous downstream tasks such as question answering and recommender systems. However, despite all this, KGs are often very incomplete. To perform zero-shot knowledge graph completion…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Yinan Liu , Wenjin Xu , Zhiyuan Zha , Xiaochun Yang , Bin Wang

Knowledge graphs are large, useful, but incomplete knowledge repositories. They encode knowledge through entities and relations which define each other through the connective structure of the graph. This has inspired methods for the joint…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-03-05 Bhushan Kotnis , Vivi Nastase

Knowledge Graph Embedding models, representing entities and edges in a low-dimensional space, have been extremely successful at solving tasks related to completing and exploring Knowledge Graphs (KGs). One of the key aspects of training…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Alberto Bernardi , Luca Costabello

Knowledge graphs (KGs) play a crucial role in many applications, such as question answering, but incompleteness is an urgent issue for their broad application. Much research in knowledge graph completion (KGC) has been performed to resolve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Yinyu Lan , Shizhu He , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

Knowledge Graph Completion is a task of expanding the knowledge graph/base through estimating possible entities, or proper nouns, that can be connected using a set of predefined relations, or verb/predicates describing interconnections of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Tong Chen , Sirou Zhu , Yiming Wen , Zhaomin Zheng

Knowledge base completion is formulated as a binary classification problem in this work, where an XGBoost binary classifier is trained for each relation using relevant links in knowledge graphs (KGs). The new method, named KGBoost, adopts a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Yun-Cheng Wang , Xiou Ge , Bin Wang , C. -C. Jay Kuo

State-of-the-art approaches for Knowledge Base Completion (KBC) exploit deep neural networks trained with both false and true assertions: positive assertions are explicitly taken from the knowledge base, whereas negative ones are generated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Sarthak Dash , Alfio Gliozzo

Properly handling missing data is a fundamental challenge in recommendation. Most present works perform negative sampling from unobserved data to supply the training of recommender models with negative signals. Nevertheless, existing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-03-13 Xiang Wang , Yaokun Xu , Xiangnan He , Yixin Cao , Meng Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

Knowledge graph embedding (KGE) aims to map entities and relations of a knowledge graph (KG) into a low-dimensional and dense vector space via contrasting the positive and negative triples. In the training process of KGEs, negative sampling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Xiangnan Chen , Wen Zhang , Zhen Yao , Mingyang Chen , Siliang Tang

We introduce KBGAN, an adversarial learning framework to improve the performances of a wide range of existing knowledge graph embedding models. Because knowledge graphs typically only contain positive facts, sampling useful negative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Liwei Cai , William Yang Wang

Knowledge graph (KG) embedding is widely used in many downstream applications using KGs. Generally, since KGs contain only ground truth triples, it is necessary to construct arbitrary negative samples for representation learning of KGs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Sang-Hyun Je

Knowledge graph embedding models (KGEMs) are used for various tasks related to knowledge graphs (KGs), including link prediction. They are trained with loss functions that consider batches of true and false triples. However, different kinds…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Nicolas Hubert , Pierre Monnin , Armelle Brun , Davy Monticolo
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