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A categorical theory for the discretization of a large class of dynamical systems with variable coefficients is proposed. It is based on the existence of covariant functors between the Rota category of Galois differential algebras and…
Hypercomplex numbers are unital algebras over the real numbers. We offer a short demonstration of the practical value of hypercomplex analytic functions in the field of partial differential equations.
We introduce and study algebraic dynamical systems generated by triangular systems of rational functions. We obtain several results about the degree growth and linear independence of iterates as well as about possible lengths of…
We consider $q$-Painlev\'e equations arising from birational representations of the extended affine Weyl groups of $A_4^{(1)}$- and $(A_1+A_1)^{(1)}$-types. We study their hypergeometric solutions on the level of $\tau$ functions.
Based on the so-called re-scaling method, we will give a detailed description of the solutions to the Hamiltonian system (\ref{Hsystem}) below, which was discovered only recently by Kecker, and is strongly related to Painleve's fourth…
We show that if any four distinct solutions of a rational difference equation are algebraically independent, then any number of distinct solutions to the equation are independent. A nontrivial variant of this result is given for autonomous…
We present an algorithm for computing a holonomic system for a definite integral of a holonomic function over a domain defined by polynomial inequalities. If the integrand satisfies a holonomic difference-differential system including…
Dynamic properties of fermionic systems, like contollability, reachability, and simulability, are investigated in a general Lie-theoretical frame for quantum systems theory. Observing the parity superselection rule, we treat the fully…
The central idea of this article is to present a systematic approach to construct some recurrence relations for the solutions of the second-order linear difference equation of hypergeometric-type defined on the quadratic-type lattices. We…
The so-called polynomial equations play an important role both in algebra and in the theory of functional equations. If the unknown functions in the equation are additive, relatively many results are known. However, even in this case, there…
A family of systems related to a linear and bilinear evolution of roots of polynomials in the complex plane is considered. Restricted to the line, the evolution induces dynamics of the Coulomb charges in external potentials, while its fixed…
We derive raising and lowering operators for orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle and find second order differential and $q$-difference equations for these polynomials. A general functional equation is found which allows one to relate…
We study a class of complex polynomial equations on a finite graph with a view to understanding how holistic phenomena emerge from combinatorial structure. Particular solutions arise from orthogonal projections of regular polytopes,…
We prove that the scalar and $2\times 2$ matrix differential operators which preserve the simplest scalar and vector-valued polynomial modules in two variables have a fundamental Lie algebraic structure. Our approach is based on a general…
A class of special solutions are constructed in an intuitive way for the ultradiscrete analog of $q$-Painlev\'e II ($q$-PII) equation. The solutions are classified into four groups depending on the function-type and the system parameter.
The theory of polynomial-like maps is of fundamental importance in holomorphic dynamics. We study dynamical properties of a larger class of maps. Our main result is that, under some natural conditions, a map of this class has a completely…
It is well-known that abelian varieties are projective, and so that there exist explicit polynomial and rational functions which define both the variety and its group law. It is however difficult to find any explicit polynomial and rational…
We survey various classical results on invariants of polynomials, or equivalently, of binary forms, focussing on explicit calculations for invariants of polynomials of degrees 2, 3, 4.
Orthosymplectic Lie superalgebras are fundamental symmetries in modern physics, such as massive supergravity. However, their representations are far from being thoroughly understood. In the present paper, we completely determine the…
We extend the theory of exterior differential systems from manifolds and their tangent bundles to Lie algebroids. In particular, we define the concept of an integral manifold of such an exterior differential system. We support our…