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The MNIST dataset of the handwritten digits is known as one of the commonly used datasets for machine learning and computer vision research. We aim to study a widely applicable classification problem and apply a simple yet efficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-13 Divas Grover , Behrad Toghi

Clustering is an essential primitive in unsupervised machine learning. We bring forth the problem of sublinear-time differentially-private clustering as a natural and well-motivated direction of research. We combine the $k$-means and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Jeremiah Blocki , Elena Grigorescu , Tamalika Mukherjee

In data summarization we want to choose $k$ prototypes in order to summarize a data set. We study a setting where the data set comprises several demographic groups and we are restricted to choose $k_i$ prototypes belonging to group $i$. A…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-14 Matthäus Kleindessner , Pranjal Awasthi , Jamie Morgenstern

Clustering is an unsupervised learning method that constitutes a cornerstone of an intelligent data analysis process. It is used for the exploration of inter-relationships among a collection of patterns, by organizing them into homogeneous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2010-04-13 G. Nathiya , S. C. Punitha , M. Punithavalli

Plain vanilla K-means clustering has proven to be successful in practice, yet it suffers from outlier sensitivity and may produce highly unbalanced clusters. To mitigate both shortcomings, we formulate a joint outlier detection and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-01-11 Napat Rujeerapaiboon , Kilian Schindler , Daniel Kuhn , Wolfram Wiesemann

Clustering is a fundamental tool in data mining. It partitions points into groups (clusters) and may be used to make decisions for each point based on its group. However, this process may harm protected (minority) classes if the clustering…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-27 Ioana O. Bercea , Martin Groß , Samir Khuller , Aounon Kumar , Clemens Rösner , Daniel R. Schmidt , Melanie Schmidt

The minimum sum-of-squares clustering (MSSC), or k-means type clustering, is traditionally considered an unsupervised learning task. In recent years, the use of background knowledge to improve the cluster quality and promote…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-07-26 Veronica Piccialli , Anna Russo Russo , Antonio M. Sudoso

Clustering is a critical component of decision-making in todays data-driven environments. It has been widely used in a variety of fields such as bioinformatics, social network analysis, and image processing. However, clustering accuracy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Krishnendu Das , Sumit Gupta , Awadhesh Kumar

Center-based clustering (e.g., $k$-means, $k$-medians) and clustering using linear subspaces are two most popular techniques to partition real-world data into smaller clusters. However, when the data consists of sensitive demographic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Sruthi Gorantla , Kishen N. Gowda , Amit Deshpande , Anand Louis

Clustering, or unsupervised classification, is a task often plagued by outliers. Yet there is a paucity of work on handling outliers in clustering. Outlier identification algorithms tend to fall into three broad categories: outlier…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-31 Katharine M. Clark , Paul D. McNicholas

This paper presents universal algorithms for clustering problems, including the widely studied $k$-median, $k$-means, and $k$-center objectives. The input is a metric space containing all potential client locations. The algorithm must…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Arun Ganesh , Bruce M. Maggs , Debmalya Panigrahi

Clustering is a fundamental task in data mining and machine learning, particularly for analyzing large-scale data. In this paper, we introduce Clust-Splitter, an efficient algorithm based on nonsmooth optimization, designed to solve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Jenni Lampainen , Kaisa Joki , Napsu Karmitsa , Marko M. Mäkelä

The success of deep learning hinges on enormous data and large models, which require labor-intensive annotations and heavy computation costs. Subset selection is a fundamental problem that can play a key role in identifying smaller portions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Srikumar Ramalingam , Pranjal Awasthi , Sanjiv Kumar

The $k$-Means clustering problem on $n$ points is NP-Hard for any dimension $d\ge 2$, however, for the 1D case there exists exact polynomial time algorithms. Previous literature reported an $O(kn^2)$ time dynamic programming algorithm that…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-04-26 Allan Grønlund , Kasper Green Larsen , Alexander Mathiasen , Jesper Sindahl Nielsen , Stefan Schneider , Mingzhou Song

Outlier is the term that indicates in statistics an anomalous observation, aberrant, clearly distant from others collected observations. The outliers are the subject to animated discussions in various contexts with regard to be or not to be…

Applications · Statistics 2014-03-24 Gianluca Rosso

Clustering high-dimensional data is a critical challenge in machine learning due to the curse of dimensionality and the presence of noise. Traditional clustering algorithms often fail to capture the intrinsic structures in such data. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Joanikij Chulev , Angela Mladenovska

$k$-Clustering in $\mathbb{R}^d$ (e.g., $k$-median and $k$-means) is a fundamental machine learning problem. While near-linear time approximation algorithms were known in the classical setting for a dataset with cardinality $n$, it remains…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-06 Yecheng Xue , Xiaoyu Chen , Tongyang Li , Shaofeng H. -C. Jiang

Monitoring the performance of large shared computing systems such as the cloud computing infrastructure raises many challenging algorithmic problems. One common problem is to track users with the largest deviation from the norm (outliers),…

Databases · Computer Science 2009-07-20 Chiranjeeb Buragohain , Luca Foschini , Subhash Suri

A robust clustering method for probabilities in Wasserstein space is introduced. This new "trimmed $k$-barycenters" approach relies on recent results on barycenters in Wasserstein space that allow intensive computation, as required by…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-02-06 E. del Barrio , J. A. Cuesta-Albertos , C. Matrán , A. Mayo-Íscar

In many situations where the interest lies in identifying clusters one might expect that not all available variables carry information about these groups. Furthermore, data quality (e.g. outliers or missing entries) might present a serious…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-01-31 Yumi Kondo , Matias Salibian-Barrera , Ruben Zamar