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A graph $G$ is called degree-truncated $k$-choosable if for every list assignment $L$ with $|L(v)| \ge \min\{d_G(v), k\}$ for each vertex $v$, $G$ is $L$-colourable. Richter asked whether every 3-connected non-complete planar graph is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-15 Huan Zhou , Jialu Zhu , Xuding Zhu

The distinguishing chromatic number, $\chi_D(G)$, of a graph $G$ is the smallest number of colors in a proper coloring, $\varphi$, of $G$, such that the only automorphism of $G$ that preserves all colors of $\varphi$ is the identity map.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-18 Daniel W. Cranston

We investigate the extent to which the $k$-coloring graph $\mathcal{C}_{k}(G)$ uniquely determines the base graph $G$ and the number of colors $k$. The vertices of $\mathcal{C}_{k}(G)$ are the proper $k$-colorings of $G$, and edges connect…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-13 Shamil Asgarli , Sara Krehbiel , Howard W. Levinson

For a non-decreasing sequence of positive integers $S = (s_1,s_2,\ldots)$, the {\em $S$-packing chromatic number} $\chi_S(G)$ of $G$ is the smallest integer $k$ such that the vertex set of $G$ can be partitioned into sets $X_i$, $i \in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-23 Přemysl Holub , Marko Jakovac , Sandi Klavžar

For a graph $G$, the $k$-colouring graph of $G$ has vertices corresponding to proper $k$-colourings of $G$ and edges between colourings that differ at a single vertex. The graph supports the Glauber dynamics Markov chain for $k$-colourings,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-01 Emma Hogan , Alex Scott , Youri Tamitegama , Jane Tan

The strong chromatic number $\chi_{\text{s}}(G)$ of a graph $G$ on $n$ vertices is the least number $r$ with the following property: after adding $r \lceil n/r \rceil - n$ isolated vertices to $G$ and taking the union with any collection of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-15 Allan Lo , Nicolás Sanhueza-Matamala

A graph $G$ is $r$-equitably $k$-colorable if its vertex set can be partitioned into $k$ independent sets, any two of which differ in size by at most $r$. The $r$-equitable chromatic threshold of a graph $G$, denoted by $\chi_{r=}^*(G)$, is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-10-09 Wei Wang , Zhidan Yan , Xin Zhang

For a graph $G = (V(G), E(G))$, a dominating set $D$ is a vertex subset of $V(G)$ in which every vertex of $V(G) \setminus D$ is adjacent to a vertex in $D$. The domination number of $G$ is the minimum cardinality of a dominating set of $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-08-16 David A. Kalarkop , Pawaton Kaemawichanurat , Raghavachar Rangarajan

A $b$-coloring of a graph is a proper coloring such that every color class contains a vertex adjacent to at least one vertex in each of the other color classes. The $b$-chromatic number of a graph $G$, denoted by $b(G)$, is the maximum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-02-19 Amine El Sahili , Mekkia Kouider , Maidoun Mortada

Suppose that two players take turns coloring the vertices of a given graph G with k colors. In each move the current player colors a vertex such that neighboring vertices get different colors. The first player wins this game if and only if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-06-30 Ralph Keusch , Angelika Steger

A $K_3$-WORM coloring of a graph $G$ is an assignment of colors to the vertices in such a way that the vertices of each $K_3$-subgraph of $G$ get precisely two colors. We study graphs $G$ which admit at least one such coloring. We disprove…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-10 Csilla Bujtás , Zsolt Tuza

Let G(n,d) be the random d-regular graph on n vertices. For any integer k exceeding a certain constant k_0 we identify a number d_{k-col} such that G(n,d) is k-colorable w.h.p. if d<d_{k-col} and non-k-colorable w.h.p. if d>d_{k-col}.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-08-21 Amin Coja-Oghlan , Charilaos Efthymiou , Samuel Hetterich

A proper coloring of a graph $G$ is said to be a strong odd coloring of $G$, if for every vertex $v$ and every color $c$, either $c$ appears on an odd number of vertices in the neighborhood of $v$ or $c$ is absent in the neighborhood of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-04 Arun J Manattu , Athira Vinay , Aparna Lakshmanan S

Given a non-trivial graph $G$, the minimum cardinality of a set of edges $F$ in $G$ such that $\chi'(G \setminus F)<\chi'(G)$ is called the chromatic edge stability index of $G$, denoted by $es_{\chi'}(G)$, and such a (smallest) set $F$ is…

We prove that, for every function $f:\mathbb{N} \rightarrow \mathbb{N}$, there is a graph $G$ with uncountable chromatic number such that, for every $k \in \mathbb{N}$ with $k \geq 3$, every subgraph of $G$ with fewer than $f(k)$ vertices…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-02-26 Chris Lambie-Hanson

Graph coloring problems are a central topic of study in the theory of algorithms. We study the problem of partially coloring partially colorable graphs. For $\alpha \leq 1$ and $k \in \mathbb{Z}^+$, we say that a graph $G=(V,E)$ is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-09-02 Suprovat Ghoshal , Anand Louis , Rahul Raychaudhury

In the vertex colouring game on a graph $G$, Maker and Breaker alternately colour vertices of $G$ from a palette of $k$ colours, with no two adjacent vertices allowed the same colour. Maker seeks to colour the whole graph while Breaker…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-11 Lawrence Hollom

For a positive integer $k$, a $k$-colouring of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a mapping $c: V\rightarrow\{1,2,...,k\}$ such that $c(u)\neq c(v)$ whenever $uv\in E$. The Colouring problem is to decide, for a given $G$ and $k$, whether a $k$-colouring…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-02-16 Petr A. Golovach , Matthew Johnson , Daniël Paulusma , Jian Song

A graph $G$ is equitably $k$-choosable if, for every $k$-uniform list assignment $L$, $G$ is $L$-colorable and each color appears on at most $\left\lceil |V(G)|/k\right\rceil$ vertices. Equitable list-coloring was introduced by Kostochka,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-24 Kirsten Hogenson , Dan Johnston , Suzanne O'Hara

We consider infinite graphs. The distinguishing number $D(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of colours in a vertex colouring of $G$ that is preserved only by the trivial automorphism. An analogous invariant for edge colourings is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-18 Wilfried Imrich , Rafał Kalinowski , Monika Pilśniak , Mohammad H. Shekarriz