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Simulation offers advantages throughout the development process of automated driving functions, both in research and product development. Common open-source simulators like CARLA are extensively used in training, evaluation, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Nils Gehrke , David Brecht , Dominik Kulmer , Dheer Patel , Frank Diermeyer

Driving safely requires multiple capabilities from human and intelligent agents, such as the generalizability to unseen environments, the safety awareness of the surrounding traffic, and the decision-making in complex multi-agent settings.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Quanyi Li , Zhenghao Peng , Lan Feng , Qihang Zhang , Zhenghai Xue , Bolei Zhou

While the promise of autonomous vehicles has led to significant scientific and industrial progress, fully automated, SAE level 5 conform cars will likely not see mass adoption anytime soon. Instead, in many applications, human supervision,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Snehanjali Kalamkar , Verena Biener , Fabian Beck , Jens Grubert

Voxel-based soft robots (VSRs) are aggregations of soft blocks whose design is amenable to optimization. We here present a software, 2D-VSR-Sim, for facilitating research concerning the optimization of VSRs body and brain. The software,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-01-28 Eric Medvet , Alberto Bartoli , Andrea De Lorenzo , Stefano Seriani

Model-based Reinforcement Learning (MBRL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for autonomous driving, where data efficiency and robustness are critical. Yet, existing solutions often rely on carefully crafted, task specific extrinsic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Feeza Khan Khanzada , Jaerock Kwon

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has had success in virtual and simulated domains, but due to key differences between simulated and real-world environments, DRL-trained policies have had limited success in real-world applications. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Peter Böhm , Pauline Pounds , Archie C. Chapman

Steering feedback plays a substantial role in the validity of driving simulators for the virtual development of modern vehicles. Established objective steering characteristics typically assess the feedback behavior in the frequency range of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-16 Maximilian Böhle , Bernhard Schick , Steffen Müller

Heading towards navigational autonomy in unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) in the maritime sector can fundamentally lead towards safer waters as well as reduced operating costs, while also providing a range of exciting new capabilities for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Andrew Alexander Vekinis , Stavros Perantonis

This paper presents a novel approach to Autonomous Vehicle (AV) control through the application of active inference, a theory derived from neuroscience that conceptualizes the brain as a predictive machine. Traditional autonomous driving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Elahe Delavari , John Moore , Junho Hong , Jaerock Kwon

One core aspect of immersive visualization labs is to develop and provide powerful tools and applications that allow for efficient analysis and exploration of scientific data. As the requirements for such applications are often diverse and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Marcel Krüger , David Gilbert , Torsten Wolfgang Kuhlen , Tim Gerrits

We present a novel method for testing the safety of self-driving vehicles in simulation. We propose an alternative to sensor simulation, as sensor simulation is expensive and has large domain gaps. Instead, we directly simulate the outputs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Kelvin Wong , Qiang Zhang , Ming Liang , Bin Yang , Renjie Liao , Abbas Sadat , Raquel Urtasun

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is a promising method to learn control policies for robots only from demonstration and experience. To cover the whole dynamic behaviour of the robot, DRL training is an active exploration process typically…

Autonomous vehicles are the culmination of advances in many areas such as sensor technologies, artificial intelligence (AI), networking, and more. This paper will introduce the reader to the technologies that build autonomous vehicles. It…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Oussama Saoudi , Ishwar Singh , Hamidreza Mahyar

One of today's most propitious immersive technologies is virtual reality (VR). This term is colloquially associated with headsets that transport users to a bespoke, built-for-purpose immersive 3D virtual environment. It has given rise to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Slawomir Konrad Tadeja , Pranay Seshadri , Per Ola Kristensson

In the vehicular mixed reality (MR) Metaverse, the distance between physical and virtual entities can be overcome by fusing the physical and virtual environments with multi-dimensional communications in autonomous driving systems. Assisted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Minrui Xu , Dusit Niyato , Junlong Chen , Hongliang Zhang , Jiawen Kang , Zehui Xiong , Shiwen Mao , Zhu Han

Understanding and adhering to soft constraints is essential for safe and socially compliant autonomous driving. However, such constraints are often implicit, context-dependent, and difficult to specify explicitly. In this work, we present…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Longling Geng , Huangxing Li , Viktor Lado Naess , Mert Pilanci

Virtual reality (VR) head-mounted displays (HMD) appear to be effective research tools, which may address the problem of ecological validity in neuropsychological testing. However, their widespread implementation is hindered by VR induced…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-01-21 Panagiotis Kourtesis , Danai Korre , Simona Collina , Leonidas A. A. Doumas , Sarah E. MacPherson

Common sense and social interaction related to daily-life environments are considerably important for autonomous robots, which support human activities. One of the practical approaches for acquiring such social interaction skills and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Tetsunari Inamura , Yoshiaki Mizuchi

Model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) can reduce interaction cost for autonomous driving by learning a predictive world model, but it typically still depends on task-specific rewards that are difficult to design and often brittle under…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Feeza Khan Khanzada , Jaerock Kwon

The adoption of self-driving cars will certainly revolutionize our lives, even though they may take more time to become fully autonomous than initially predicted. The first vehicles are already present in certain cities of the world, as…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Carlos Crispim-Junior , Romain Guesdon , Christophe Jallais , Florent Laroche , Stephanie Souche-Le Corvec , Laure Tougne Rodet