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Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) with masses below ($2 \times 10^5 M_{\odot}$) are pivotal in understanding the origin and growth mechanisms of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galactic nuclei. This study focuses on the search and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-10-03 V. Goradzhanov , I. Chilingarian , M. Demianenko , I. Katkov , K. Grishin , V. Toptun , E. Rubtsov , D. Gasymov , I. Kuzmin

We investigate the origin of the scatter in the supermassive black hole (BH) masses for galaxies in the L* regime, using the ARTEMIS and EAGLE simulations. By classifying galaxies based on their central BH / galaxy stellar masses ratios, we…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-19 Salvador E. Grimozzi , Maria Emilia De Rossi , Andreea S. Font

With the growing number of detections of binary black hole mergers, we are beginning to probe structure in the distribution of masses. A recent study by Schneider et al. proposes that isolated binary evolution of stripped stars naturally…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-12 Shanika Galaudage , Astrid Lamberts

Dense star clusters are thought to contribute significantly to the merger rates of stellar-mass binary black holes (BBHs) detected by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration. We combine $N$-body dynamic models of realistic dense star clusters…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-07 Claire S. Ye , Maya Fishbach , Kyle Kremer , Marta Reina-Campos

Black hole masses predicted from the Mbh-sigma relationship conflict with those predicted from the Mbh-L relationship for the most luminous galaxies, such as brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs). This is because stellar velocity dispersion,…

We find that the mass ratio q in quiescent black hole (BH) X-ray transients is tightly correlated with the ratio of the double peak separation (DP) to the full-width-half maximum (FWHM) of the Halpha emission line, log q = -6.88 -23.2 log…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-25 Jorge Casares

There is increasing evidence for multiple binary black hole~(BBH) subpopulations in the cumulative gravitational wave catalog by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration. The astrophysical interpretation of this complex underlying population is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-19 Anarya Ray , Shirsha Mukherjee , Michael Zevin , Vicky Kalogera

We map the likelihood of GW190521, the heaviest detected binary black hole (BBH) merger, by sampling under different mass and spin priors designed to be uninformative. We find that a source-frame total mass of $\sim$$150 M_{\odot}$ is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-01-06 Seth Olsen , Javier Roulet , Horng Sheng Chia , Liang Dai , Tejaswi Venumadhav , Barak Zackay , Matias Zaldarriaga

A mass correlation of central black holes and their spheroids ~0.002(within a factor of three) is suggested by Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and various ground-based CCD photometries of early type galaxies. The near-IR images of quasar hosts…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Y. P. Wang , P. L. Biermann , A. Wandel

Models for black hole (BH) formation from stellar evolution robustly predict the existence of a pair-instability supernova (PISN) mass gap in the range $\sim50$ to $\sim120$ solar masses. This theoretical prediction is supported by the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-12-09 Maya Fishbach , Daniel E. Holz

Gravitational-wave measurements of the binary black hole population provide insights into the evolution of merging binaries. We explore potential correlation between mass and mass ratio with phenomenological population models where the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-17 Storm Colloms , Zoheyr Doctor , Christopher P L Berry

We focus on gravitational-wave events of binary black-hole mergers up to the third observing run with the minimum false alarm rate smaller than $10^{-5}\,{\rm yr}^{-1}$. These events tell us that the mass ratio of two black holes follows…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-28 Tomoya Kinugawa , Takashi Nakamura , Hiroyuki Nakano

Gravitational wave (GW) detections of binary black hole (BH) mergers have begun to sample the cosmic BH mass distribution. The evolution of single stellar cores predicts a gap in the BH mass distribution due to pair-instability supernova…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-07-04 Ebraheem Farag , Mathieu Renzo , Robert Farmer , Morgan T. Chidester , F. X. Timmes

The component black holes (BHs) observed in gravitational-wave (GW) binary black hole (BBH) events tend to be more massive and slower spinning than those observed in black hole X-ray binaries (BH-XRBs). Without modeling their evolutionary…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-04-27 Maya Fishbach , Vicky Kalogera

Regardless of their initial spins, the merger of two roughly equal mass black holes (BHs) produces a remnant BH of dimensionless spin $0.69$. Such remnants can merge with other BHs in dense stellar environments and produce hierarchical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-02 Aditya Vijaykumar , Amanda M. Farah , Maya Fishbach

Massive stellar clumps in high redshift galaxies interact and migrate to the center to form a bulge and exponential disk in <1 Gyr. Here we consider the fate of intermediate mass black holes (BHs) that might form by massive-star coalescence…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Bruce G. Elmegreen , Frederic Bournaud , Debra Meloy Elmegreen

We make use of two empirical relations between the black hole mass and the global properties (bulge luminosity and stellar velocity dispersion) of nearby elliptical galaxies, to infer the mass of the central black hole (M_BH) in low…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 D. Bettoni , R. Falomo , G. Fasano , F. Govoni

The growing database of gravitational-wave (GW) detections with the binary black holes (BHs) merging in the distant Universe contains subtle insights into their formation scenarios. One of the puzzling properties of detected GW sources is…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-09-25 Aleksandra Olejak , Jakub Klencki , Xiao-Tian Xu , Chen Wang , Krzysztof Belczynski , Jean-Pierre Lasota

The environment surrounding supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galactic nuclei (GNs) is expected to harbour stellar-mass binary black hole (BBH) populations. These binaries were suggested to form a hierarchical triple system with the SMBH,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-12-21 László Gondán

For galaxies hosting supermassive black holes (SMBHs), it has been observed that the mass of the central black hole (M_BH) tightly correlates with the effective or central velocity dispersion (sigma) of the host galaxy. The origin of this…