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Scientific computing is at the core of many High-Performance Computing applications, including computational flow dynamics. Because of the uttermost importance to simulate increasingly larger computational models, hardware acceleration is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-01-13 Tom Hogervorst , Tong Dong Qiu , Giacomo Marchiori , Alf Birger , Markus Blatt , Razvan Nane

Recent advances in state-of-the-art ultra-low power embedded devices for machine learning (ML) have permitted a new class of products whose key features enable ML capabilities on microcontrollers with less than 1 mW power consumption…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Anas Osman , Usman Abid , Luca Gemma , Matteo Perotto , Davide Brunelli

Despite the increasing adoption of Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) in compute clouds, there remains a significant gap in programming tools and abstractions which can leverage network-connected, cloud-scale, multi-die FPGAs to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Neha Prakriya , Yuze Chi , Suhail Basalama , Linghao Song , Jason Cong

Deep Forest is a prominent machine learning algorithm known for its high accuracy in forecasting. Compared with deep neural networks, Deep Forest has almost no multiplication operations and has better performance on small datasets. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Mingyu Zhu , Jiapeng Luo , Wendong Mao , Zhongfeng Wang

Recent hardware acceleration advances have enabled powerful specialized accelerators for finite element computations, spiking neural network inference, and sparse tensor operations. However, existing approaches face fundamental limitations:…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Chuanzhen Wang , Leo Zhang , Eric Liu

The rapid growth of microcontroller-based IoT devices has opened up numerous applications, from smart manufacturing to personalized healthcare. Despite the widespread adoption of energy-efficient microcontroller units (MCUs) in the Tiny…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Giorgos Armeniakos , Georgios Mentzos , Dimitrios Soudris

Recently, automated co-design of machine learning (ML) models and accelerator architectures has attracted significant attention from both the industry and academia. However, most co-design frameworks either explore a limited search space or…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-12-09 Shikhar Tuli , Chia-Hao Li , Ritvik Sharma , Niraj K. Jha

With the rapid development of in-depth learning, neural network and deep learning algorithms have been widely used in various fields, e.g., image, video and voice processing. However, the neural network model is getting larger and larger,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Teng Wang , Chao Wang , Xuehai Zhou , Huaping Chen

Deep learning (DL) has emerged as a rapidly developing advanced technology, enabling the performance of complex tasks involving image recognition, natural language processing, and autonomous decision-making with high levels of accuracy.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Soumita Chatterjee , Sudip Ghosh , Tamal Ghosh , Hafizur Rahaman

High Performance Computing (HPC) platforms allow scientists to model computationally intensive algorithms. HPC clusters increasingly use General-Purpose Graphics Processing Units (GPGPUs) as accelerators; FPGAs provide an attractive…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2015-04-20 Syed Waqar Nabi , Saji N. Hameed , Wim Vanderbauwhede

Reconfigurable architectures like Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have been used for accelerating computations in several domains because of their unique combination of flexibility, performance, and power efficiency. However, FPGAs…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Murat Isik , Kayode Inadagbo , Hakan Aktas

Tensor processing units (TPUs) are one of the most well-known machine learning (ML) accelerators utilized at large scale in data centers as well as in tiny ML applications. TPUs offer several improvements and advantages over conventional ML…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Mohammed Elbtity , Peyton Chandarana , Ramtin Zand

In recent years, there has been tremendous advances in hardware acceleration of deep neural networks. However, most of the research has focused on optimizing accelerator microarchitecture for higher performance and energy efficiency on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-12 Sam Likun Xi , Yuan Yao , Kshitij Bhardwaj , Paul Whatmough , Gu-Yeon Wei , David Brooks

As models become larger, ML accelerators are a scarce resource whose performance must be continually optimized to improve efficiency. Existing performance analysis tools are coarse grained, and fail to capture model performance at the…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Ioannis Zarkadas , Amanda Tomlinson , Asaf Cidon , Baris Kasikci , Ofir Weisse

OpenCL is an open standard for parallel programming of heterogeneous compute devices, such as GPUs, CPUs, DSPs or FPGAs. However, the verbosity of its C host API can hinder application development. In this paper we present cf4ocl, a…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-05-16 Nuno Fachada , Vitor V. Lopes , Rui C. Martins , Agostinho C. Rosa

With the cross-fertilization of applications and the ever-increasing scale of models, the efficiency and productivity of hardware computing architectures have become inadequate. This inadequacy further exacerbates issues in design…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Haojia Hui , Jiangyuan Gu , Xunbo Hu , Yang Hu , Leibo Liu , Shaojun Wei , Shouyi Yin

FPGA-based heterogeneous architectures provide programmers with the ability to customize their hardware accelerators for flexible acceleration of many workloads. Nonetheless, such advantages come at the cost of sacrificing programmability.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-07-05 Jason Cong , Zhenman Fang , Yuchen Hao , Peng Wei , Cody Hao Yu , Chen Zhang , Peipei Zhou

Neural Networks (NN) provide a solid and reliable way of executing different types of applications, ranging from speech recognition to medical diagnosis, speeding up onerous and long workloads. The challenges involved in their…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Federico Manca , Francesco Ratto

Deep learning and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) have becoming increasingly more popular and important in both academic and industrial areas in recent years cause they are able to provide better accuracy and result in classification,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Ke He , Bo Liu , Yu Zhang , Andrew Ling , Dian Gu

Balancing sensitivity to new tasks and stability for retaining past knowledge is crucial in continual learning (CL). Recently, sharpness-aware minimization has proven effective in transfer learning and has also been adopted in continual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Wei Li , Hangjie Yuan , Zixiang Zhao , Yifan Zhu , Aojun Lu , Tao Feng , Yanan Sun