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A brief review of the different ways of the Dirac equation derivation is given. The foundations of the relativistic canonical quantum mechanics of a fermionic doublet are formulated. In our approach the Dirac equation is derived from the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-09-24 V. Simulik , I. Krivsky

A version of the Dirac equation is derived from first principles using a combination of quaternions and multivariate 4-vectors. The nilpotent form of the operators used allows us to derive explicit expressions for the wavefunctions of free…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Peter Rowlands , John P. Cullerne

We consider propagation of a massive neutrino in matter within the quantum approach based on the two equations for the neutrino field: the first one is the Dirac-Pauli equation for a massive neutrino in an external magnetic field…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-08-23 Alexander Grigoriev , Alexander Studenikin , Alexei Ternov

In the textbook proofs of Lorentz covariance of the Dirac equation, one treats the wave function as a spinor and gamma matrices as scalars, leading to a quite complicated formalism with several pedagogic drawbacks. As an alternative, I…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 H. Nikolic

We prove the mathematically rigorous (semi-)classical limit $\hbar \to 0$ of the Dirac equation with time-dependent external electromagnetic field to relativistic Vlasov equations with Lorentz force for electrons and positrons. In this…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-12-22 François Golse , Nikolai Leopold , Norbert J. Mauser , Jakob Möller , Chiara Saffirio

We studied the scalar electrodynamics ($SQED_{4}$) and the spinor electrodynamics ($QED_{4}$) in the null-plane formalism. We followed the Dirac's technique for constrained systems to perform a detailed analysis of the constraint structure…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-07-22 R. Casana , B. M. Pimentel , G. E. R. Zambrano

Solutions of the Dirac equation for an electron in the Coulomb potential are obtained using operator invariants of the equation, namely the Dirac, Johnson-Lippmann and recently found new invariant. It is demonstrated that these operators…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-11-17 L. S. Brizhik , A. A. Eremko , V. M. Loktev

We consider a spin-1/2 charged particle in the plane under the influence of two idealized Aharonov-Bohm fluxes. We show that the Pauli operator as a differential operator is defined by appropriate boundary conditions at the two vortices.…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 V. A. Geyler , P. Stovicek

The relationship between spinors and Clifford (or geometric) algebra has long been studied, but little consistency may be found between the various approaches. However, when spinors are defined to be elements of the even subalgebra of some…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Matthew R. Francis , Arthur Kosowsky

In this paper, a simple proof of the divergence theorem is given by using the Dirac operator and noncommutative residues. Then we extend the divergence theorem to compact manifolds with boundary by the noncommutative residue of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-06-24 Jian Wang , Yong Wang

The Pauli operator describes the energy of a nonrelativistic quantum particle with spin 1/2 in a magnetic field and an external potential. A new Lieb-Thirring type inequality on the sum of the negative eigenvalues is presented. The main…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Laszlo Erdos , Jan Philip Solovej

Proofs of two statements are provided in this paper. First, the authors prove that the formalism of the pseudo-Hermitian quantum mechanics allows describing the Dirac particles motion in arbitrary stationary gravitational fields. Second, it…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-05-12 M. V. Gorbatenko , V. P. Neznamov

We conjecture a geometrical form of the Paley-Wiener theorem for the Dunkl transform and prove three instances thereof, one of which involves a limit transition from Opdam's results for the graded Hecke algebra. Furthermore, the connection…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2023-05-31 Marcel de Jeu

Credible reasons are presented to reveal that many of the lingering century old enigmas, surrounding the behavior of at least an individual quantum particle, can be comprehended in terms of an objectively real specific wave function. This…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2022-09-09 Mani L. Bhaumik

We only require generalized chiral symmetry and $\gamma_5$-hermiticity, which leads to a large class of Dirac operators describing massless fermions on the lattice, and use this framework to give an overview of developments in this field.…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2009-11-07 Werner Kerler

Dirac notation is widely used in quantum physics and quantum programming languages to define, compute and reason about quantum states. This paper considers Dirac notation from the perspective of automated reasoning. We prove two main…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Yingte Xu , Gilles Barthe , Li Zhou

We use Taylor's formula with Lagrange remainder to make a modern adaptation of Poisson's proof of a version of the fundamental theorem of calculus in the case when the integral is defined by Euler sums, that is Riemann sums with left (or…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2019-03-27 Patrik Nystedt

In this note we generalized the Dirac non-linear electrodynamics, by introducing two potentials (namely, the vector potential A and the pseudo-vector potential gamma^5 B of the electromagnetic theory with charges and magnetic monopoles) and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 W. A. Rodrigues , Jayme Vaz , Erasmo Recami

We propose an improvement of the basis for the solution of the stationary two-centre Dirac equation in Cassini coordinates using the finite-basis-set method presented in Ref. [1]. For the calculations in Ref. [1], we constructed the basis…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2017-08-30 Walter Hahn , Anton N. Artemyev , Andrey Surzhykov

We formulate the Dirac oscillator covariantly in the presence of external non-Abelian gauge fields. More precisely, the matter field is written as $\Psi_{\alpha A}(x)$, where $\alpha$ denotes the Dirac index and $A$ the isospin index, so…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-17 Abdelmalek Boumali , Sarra Garrah